Pierre-Paul Prud'hon · CC0
Charles-Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord
Talleyrand served the French monarchy, the Revolution, Napoleon's empire and the restored Bourbons in turn, outliving nearly every regime that trusted him. At the 1814–15 Congress of Vienna, representing a defeated France, he split the victorious powers over Poland and Saxony and secured his country a seat among the great powers again.
Arriving at Vienna in September 1814 representing a France still occupied by Allied troops, Talleyrand exploited a bitter dispute between Russia and Prussia on one side and Austria and Britain on the other over who would control Saxony and Poland. By January 1815 he had secretly negotiated a defensive treaty with Austria and Britain against Russia and Prussia, transforming France from a defeated outsider into a decisive power broker within four months.
“A defeated power can still split its victors' coalition and buy itself a seat, if it finds the fault line fast.”