Нитинол — история, структура, свойства и применение

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tunable transformationAf

SME + superelasticityEffect

A1 metalFire

Stent / archwireIcon

Allergy cautionNi

advancedFamily

Нитинол is one of 32 materials in this atlas, grouped under advanced: history, structure, measured properties, process routes, uses, safety and market — not a product catalogue.

Scores compare Нитинол with the rest of the atlas on strength, heat, fire behaviour, insulation, workability and circularity. They are editorial, not certificates.

Seven chapters follow. Fire and insulation claims name test families (Euroclass, ASTM E84, ISO 5660, KS F) rather than inventing a single safety number.

Глубокое введение

Deep dive: Нитинол

Нитинол (NiTi (~50/50 at.%)) is a family of grades whose density ~6.45 g/cm³, heat band ~1310 °C, and fire letter A1 metal.

What “the material” actually is

Нитинол is sold as grades, not as a single substance. Chemistry NiTi (~50/50 at.%), density ~6.45 g/cm³, heat band ~1310 °C.

This atlas treats Нитинол as a system: mill route, coatings, tests and the cavity it sits in.

Heat, fire and insulation

Conductivity note: ~10–18 W/m·K. Insulation score 12/100 is relative to 32 entries — metals lose, VIPs and aerogels win.

Fire letter in editorial use: A1 metal. Do not equate A1 with “safe in a blaze” or E with “illegal”. Assemblies decide.

How it is made and used

Origin: NOL 1959 Buehler, United States. The process chapter follows feedstock → conversion → forming → finish → install.

Uses span buildings to defence / safety. Pairings matter: titanium.

Market and circularity

Producers below are landmarks, not an endorsement ranking. Prices are bands, not live quotes.

Circularity mark 36/100. Ask which scrap, which certificate, which year.

Профиль

Прочность 72

Жаростойкость 50

Пожарные свойства 78

Теплоизоляция 12

Обрабатываемость 38

Цикличность 36

Частые вопросы

Is Нитинол non-combustible?

Declared reaction class in this atlas: A1 metal. Assemblies still need resistance tests.

Does Нитинол insulate?

Thermal mark 12/100 versus the atlas. Conductivity note: ~10–18 W/m·K.

What is the density band?

~6.45 g/cm³

How is it made?

Origin story: NOL 1959 Buehler (United States).

Can it be recycled?

Circularity mark 36/100 — editorial, route-specific.

Typical melting or failure heat?

~1310 °C

What should it be paired with?

titanium: The medical metal without the phase trick.

Where is it specified?

Buildings, transport, energy and consumer goods — see the uses chapter.

Иконы

NOL bar

United States · 1959

NOL bar is a reference point in the public image of Нитинол.

Orthodontic wire

Global · 1970s–

Orthodontic wire is a reference point in the public image of Нитинол.

Self-expanding stent

Global · 1990s–

Self-expanding stent is a reference point in the public image of Нитинол.

Cryofit coupling

United States · 1970s

Cryofit coupling is a reference point in the public image of Нитинол.

Eyeglass frames

Japan / US · 1980s–

Eyeglass frames is a reference point in the public image of Нитинол.

Guidewire

Global · 1990s–

Guidewire is a reference point in the public image of Нитинол.

Robotics spring

Labs · 2010s–

Robotics spring is a reference point in the public image of Нитинол.

Af DSC curve

Global · lab

Af DSC curve is a reference point in the public image of Нитинол.

Включайте и выключайте иконы — каждый столбец масштабируется к лидеру выбора.

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