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🧊 Теплоизоляция

🕯️Материал фазового перехода

Пакеты скрытой теплоты, сглаживающие колебания. Дополнение, не замена λ.

Также называют: PCM · salt hydrate PCM · paraffin PCM

Материал фазового перехода — Wikimedia lead image
Suricata · CC BY-SA 3.0

Коротко о главном

Latent heatJob
comfort band ~21–26 °CTm
Paraffin burnsFire
Glauber’s salt loreIcon
With wool/PIR, not insteadPair
thermalFamily

Материал фазового перехода is one of 32 materials in this atlas, grouped under thermal: history, structure, measured properties, process routes, uses, safety and market — not a product catalogue.

Scores compare Материал фазового перехода with the rest of the atlas on strength, heat, fire behaviour, insulation, workability and circularity. They are editorial, not certificates.

Seven chapters follow. Fire and insulation claims name test families (Euroclass, ASTM E84, ISO 5660, KS F) rather than inventing a single safety number.

Глубокое введение

Deep dive: Материал фазового перехода

Материал фазового перехода (paraffins / salt hydrates / bio-waxes) is a family of grades whose density ~0.8–1.6 g/cm³, heat band designed 18–28 °C for buildings, and fire letter paraffin = combustible; salts vary.

What “the material” actually is

Материал фазового перехода is sold as grades, not as a single substance. Chemistry paraffins / salt hydrates / bio-waxes, density ~0.8–1.6 g/cm³, heat band designed 18–28 °C for buildings.

This atlas treats Материал фазового перехода as a system: mill route, coatings, tests and the cavity it sits in.

Heat, fire and insulation

Conductivity note: low-to-moderate; often needs fins or graphite. Insulation score 52/100 is relative to 32 entries — metals lose, VIPs and aerogels win.

Fire letter in editorial use: paraffin = combustible; salts vary. Do not equate A1 with “safe in a blaze” or E with “illegal”. Assemblies decide.

How it is made and used

Origin: NASA / Telkes 1940s–70s; building PCM 2000s, United States / Germany. The process chapter follows feedstock → conversion → forming → finish → install.

Uses span buildings to defence / safety. Pairings matter: mineral-wool.

Market and circularity

Producers below are landmarks, not an endorsement ranking. Prices are bands, not live quotes.

Circularity mark 48/100. Ask which scrap, which certificate, which year.

Профиль

102224525848
Прочность 10
Жаростойкость 22
Пожарные свойства 24
Теплоизоляция 52
Обрабатываемость 58
Цикличность 48

Семь глав

Частые вопросы

Is Материал фазового перехода non-combustible?
Declared reaction class in this atlas: paraffin = combustible; salts vary. Assemblies still need resistance tests.
Does Материал фазового перехода insulate?
Thermal mark 52/100 versus the atlas. Conductivity note: low-to-moderate; often needs fins or graphite.
What is the density band?
~0.8–1.6 g/cm³
How is it made?
Origin story: NASA / Telkes 1940s–70s; building PCM 2000s (United States / Germany).
Can it be recycled?
Circularity mark 48/100 — editorial, route-specific.
Typical melting or failure heat?
designed 18–28 °C for buildings
What should it be paired with?
mineral-wool: Blocks heat flow; PCM stores it.
Where is it specified?
Buildings, transport, energy and consumer goods — see the uses chapter.

Иконы

Maria Telkes

Maria Telkes

United States · 1948

Maria Telkes is a reference point in the public image of Материал фазового перехода.

Glauber’s salt

Glauber’s salt

Europe · historic

Glauber’s salt is a reference point in the public image of Материал фазового перехода.

Micronal board

Micronal board

Germany · 2000s

Micronal board is a reference point in the public image of Материал фазового перехода.

Ice pack

Ice pack

Global · 20th c.–

Ice pack is a reference point in the public image of Материал фазового перехода.

NASA PCM vest

NASA PCM vest

United States · 1990s–

NASA PCM vest is a reference point in the public image of Материал фазового перехода.

Cold-chain box

Cold-chain box

Global · 2010s–

Cold-chain box is a reference point in the public image of Материал фазового перехода.

Paraffin candle physics

Paraffin candle physics

Global · historic

Paraffin candle physics is a reference point in the public image of Материал фазового перехода.

Battery PCM pad

Battery PCM pad

Global · 2020s

Battery PCM pad is a reference point in the public image of Материал фазового перехода.

Включайте и выключайте иконы — каждый столбец масштабируется к лидеру выбора.

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