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✨ Передовые твёрдые тела

🏎️Углеволокно

Полимерные нити с графитоподобными слоями: авиа и велосипеды; горит смола.

Также называют: УУКМ · graphite fibre · PAN-based CF

Углеволокно — Wikimedia lead image
Acheolg · CC BY-SA 4.0

Коротко о главном

PAN (mostly)Precursor
230–600 GPa classE
Resin is the fuelFire
Boeing 787Icon
~1.8 g/cm³Density
advancedFamily

Углеволокно is one of 32 materials in this atlas, grouped under advanced: history, structure, measured properties, process routes, uses, safety and market — not a product catalogue.

Scores compare Углеволокно with the rest of the atlas on strength, heat, fire behaviour, insulation, workability and circularity. They are editorial, not certificates.

Seven chapters follow. Fire and insulation claims name test families (Euroclass, ASTM E84, ISO 5660, KS F) rather than inventing a single safety number.

Глубокое введение

Deep dive: Углеволокно

Углеволокно (C (turbostratic graphite)) is a family of grades whose density ~1.8 g/cm³ fibre, heat band sublimes; resin burns, and fire letter fibre A1-ish; CFRP follows the matrix.

What “the material” actually is

Углеволокно is sold as grades, not as a single substance. Chemistry C (turbostratic graphite), density ~1.8 g/cm³ fibre, heat band sublimes; resin burns.

This atlas treats Углеволокно as a system: mill route, coatings, tests and the cavity it sits in.

Heat, fire and insulation

Conductivity note: high along fibre; low through-thickness in composites. Insulation score 24/100 is relative to 32 entries — metals lose, VIPs and aerogels win.

Fire letter in editorial use: fibre A1-ish; CFRP follows the matrix. Do not equate A1 with “safe in a blaze” or E with “illegal”. Assemblies decide.

How it is made and used

Origin: Edison carbon filament; Shindo/Watt 1960s PAN, Japan / UK / US. The process chapter follows feedstock → conversion → forming → finish → install.

Uses span buildings to defence / safety. Pairings matter: graphene.

Market and circularity

Producers below are landmarks, not an endorsement ranking. Prices are bands, not live quotes.

Circularity mark 26/100. Ask which scrap, which certificate, which year.

Профиль

967050243026
Прочность 96
Жаростойкость 70
Пожарные свойства 50
Теплоизоляция 24
Обрабатываемость 30
Цикличность 26

Семь глав

Частые вопросы

Is Углеволокно non-combustible?
Declared reaction class in this atlas: fibre A1-ish; CFRP follows the matrix. Assemblies still need resistance tests.
Does Углеволокно insulate?
Thermal mark 24/100 versus the atlas. Conductivity note: high along fibre; low through-thickness in composites.
What is the density band?
~1.8 g/cm³ fibre
How is it made?
Origin story: Edison carbon filament; Shindo/Watt 1960s PAN (Japan / UK / US).
Can it be recycled?
Circularity mark 26/100 — editorial, route-specific.
Typical melting or failure heat?
sublimes; resin burns
What should it be paired with?
graphene: The 2-D cousin in the same carbon family.
Where is it specified?
Buildings, transport, energy and consumer goods — see the uses chapter.

Иконы

Boeing 787

Boeing 787

United States · 2009–

Boeing 787 is a reference point in the public image of Углеволокно.

McLaren MP4/1

McLaren MP4/1

United Kingdom · 1981

McLaren MP4/1 is a reference point in the public image of Углеволокно.

Toray T300

Toray T300

Japan · 1970s–

Toray T300 is a reference point in the public image of Углеволокно.

4

Trek Madone CF

United States · 2000s

Trek Madone CF is a reference point in the public image of Углеволокно.

A380 wing bits

A380 wing bits

Europe · 2000s

A380 wing bits is a reference point in the public image of Углеволокно.

Golf shaft

Golf shaft

Japan / US · 1970s–

Golf shaft is a reference point in the public image of Углеволокно.

Pressure vessel COPV

Pressure vessel COPV

Global · 1990s–

Pressure vessel COPV is a reference point in the public image of Углеволокно.

Wind-blade spar

Wind-blade spar

Europe · 2000s–

Wind-blade spar is a reference point in the public image of Углеволокно.

Включайте и выключайте иконы — каждый столбец масштабируется к лидеру выбора.

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Дуэли

Та же семья, другие оценки — выберите дуэль.

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