Герметичный вакуумный сэндвич: λ ~0,004–0,008, пока конверт не течёт.
Также называют: VIP · vacuum insulation panel · fumed-silica core
Va-Q-tec AG · CC0
Коротко о главном
~0.004–0.008λ
envelope leak = failureLife
foil/PE skinsFire
Fridge then retrofitIcon
Fumed silicaCore
thermalFamily
Вакуумная панель is one of 32 materials in this atlas, grouped under thermal: history, structure, measured properties, process routes, uses, safety and market — not a product catalogue.
Scores compare Вакуумная панель with the rest of the atlas on strength, heat, fire behaviour, insulation, workability and circularity. They are editorial, not certificates.
Seven chapters follow. Fire and insulation claims name test families (Euroclass, ASTM E84, ISO 5660, KS F) rather than inventing a single safety number.
Глубокое введение
Deep dive: Вакуумная панель
Вакуумная панель (fumed silica / fibreglass core + foil barrier) is a family of grades whose density 150–250 kg/m³ panels, heat band core inorganic; envelope polymer/foil, and fire letter system-dependent; core often A1-ish, skins not.
What “the material” actually is
Вакуумная панель is sold as grades, not as a single substance. Chemistry fumed silica / fibreglass core + foil barrier, density 150–250 kg/m³ panels, heat band core inorganic; envelope polymer/foil.
This atlas treats Вакуумная панель as a system: mill route, coatings, tests and the cavity it sits in.
Heat, fire and insulation
Conductivity note: centre-of-panel λ ~0.004–0.008 (declared bands). Insulation score 99/100 is relative to 32 entries — metals lose, VIPs and aerogels win.
Fire letter in editorial use: system-dependent; core often A1-ish, skins not. Do not equate A1 with “safe in a blaze” or E with “illegal”. Assemblies decide.
How it is made and used
Origin: Dewar 1892 idea; building VIPs 1990s–, Scotland / Germany / Japan. The process chapter follows feedstock → conversion → forming → finish → install.
Uses span buildings to defence / safety. Pairings matter: aerogel.
Market and circularity
Producers below are landmarks, not an endorsement ranking. Prices are bands, not live quotes.
Circularity mark 40/100. Ask which scrap, which certificate, which year.
Смежный атлас
Around Вакуумная панель
Related atlas entries, a short glossary, and three threads that keep Вакуумная панель honest.
См. также
☁️АэрогельSolid ultra-low λ without a vacuum to lose.