Гипсокартон — история, структура, свойства и применение

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Gypsum dihydrateMineral

Type X / F boardsFire

Hates leaksWater

DrywallIcon

~0.17λ

fireFamily

Гипсокартон is one of 32 materials in this atlas, grouped under fire: history, structure, measured properties, process routes, uses, safety and market — not a product catalogue.

Scores compare Гипсокартон with the rest of the atlas on strength, heat, fire behaviour, insulation, workability and circularity. They are editorial, not certificates.

Seven chapters follow. Fire and insulation claims name test families (Euroclass, ASTM E84, ISO 5660, KS F) rather than inventing a single safety number.

Глубокое введение

Deep dive: Гипсокартон

Гипсокартон (CaSO4·2H2O + paper faces) is a family of grades whose density ~700–1000 kg/m³, heat band calcines ~80–180 °C (dehydration), and fire letter A2-s1,d0 typical; core A1.

What “the material” actually is

Гипсокартон is sold as grades, not as a single substance. Chemistry CaSO4·2H2O + paper faces, density ~700–1000 kg/m³, heat band calcines ~80–180 °C (dehydration).

This atlas treats Гипсокартон as a system: mill route, coatings, tests and the cavity it sits in.

Heat, fire and insulation

Conductivity note: ~0.17 W/m·K. Insulation score 34/100 is relative to 32 entries — metals lose, VIPs and aerogels win.

Fire letter in editorial use: A2-s1,d0 typical; core A1. Do not equate A1 with “safe in a blaze” or E with “illegal”. Assemblies decide.

How it is made and used

Origin: Sackett 1894; US Gypsum 1916, United States. The process chapter follows feedstock → conversion → forming → finish → install.

Uses span buildings to defence / safety. Pairings matter: mineral-wool.

Market and circularity

Producers below are landmarks, not an endorsement ranking. Prices are bands, not live quotes.

Circularity mark 62/100. Ask which scrap, which certificate, which year.

Профиль

Прочность 24

Жаростойкость 54

Пожарные свойства 92

Теплоизоляция 34

Обрабатываемость 90

Цикличность 62

Частые вопросы

Is Гипсокартон non-combustible?

Declared reaction class in this atlas: A2-s1,d0 typical; core A1. Assemblies still need resistance tests.

Does Гипсокартон insulate?

Thermal mark 34/100 versus the atlas. Conductivity note: ~0.17 W/m·K.

What is the density band?

~700–1000 kg/m³

How is it made?

Origin story: Sackett 1894; US Gypsum 1916 (United States).

Can it be recycled?

Circularity mark 62/100 — editorial, route-specific.

Typical melting or failure heat?

calcines ~80–180 °C (dehydration)

What should it be paired with?

mineral-wool: The cavity fill behind the board.

Where is it specified?

Buildings, transport, energy and consumer goods — see the uses chapter.

Иконы

Sheetrock

United States · 1916–

Sheetrock is a reference point in the public image of Гипсокартон.

Type X

United States · 1950s–

Type X is a reference point in the public image of Гипсокартон.

EN 520 Type F

Europe · 1990s–

EN 520 Type F is a reference point in the public image of Гипсокартон.

Lath and plaster contrast

Global · 19th c.

Lath and plaster contrast is a reference point in the public image of Гипсокартон.

Shaftwall C-H stud

United States · 1970s–

Shaftwall C-H stud is a reference point in the public image of Гипсокартон.

Paper face

United States · 1894–

Paper face is a reference point in the public image of Гипсокартон.

Calcination kettle

Global · industrial

Calcination kettle is a reference point in the public image of Гипсокартон.

Job-site recycling

Europe · 2010s–

Job-site recycling is a reference point in the public image of Гипсокартон.

Включайте и выключайте иконы — каждый столбец масштабируется к лидеру выбора.

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