Late empire war
1961-74 in Lisbon and Portuguese armed forces; aftershocks in Angola, Mozambique, Guinea-Bissau: Three African fronts. A memory map, not a present overlay.
Carmo barracks, Largo do Carmo, the radio stations.
Luanda and Bissau as the other map -- required, not optional.
Maps
The day
25 Apr 1974 in Lisbon and Portuguese armed forces; aftershocks in Angola, Mozambique, Guinea-Bissau: MFA, carnations, Carmo. A memory map, not a present overlay.
PREC / decolonisation
1974-75 in Lisbon and Portuguese armed forces; aftershocks in Angola, Mozambique, Guinea-Bissau: Revolution at home; independences abroad. A memory map, not a present overlay.
Stabilising day
25 Nov 1975 in Lisbon and Portuguese armed forces; aftershocks in Angola, Mozambique, Guinea-Bissau: A second military intervention that Portuguese memory still argues. A memory map, not a present overlay.
Democracy
1976- in Lisbon and Portuguese armed forces; aftershocks in Angola, Mozambique, Guinea-Bissau: Constitution; later EU Portugal. A memory map, not a present overlay.
Portrayals
Marcelo Caetano biographies
The usual English doorway into Carnation Revolution: Salazar's successor; surrendered at Carmo. Died in Brazilian exile.
Antonio de Spinola biographies
The paired doorway: The general of the book and the Carmo surrender; not the MFA's left, and soon out.
School survey chapters
Where Carnation Revolution (25 April 1974 (coup day; PREC to 1976 constitution)) is a paragraph or a unit in US/UK/AU/CA -- often thinner than Lisbon and Portuguese armed forces; aftershocks in Angola, Mozambique, Guinea-Bissau local hours.
Local museums / sites in Lisbon and Portuguese armed.
Thicker than the English paragraph. Democracy is the usual late pilgrimage caption.
Feature film / television
If Carnation Revolution has a visual canon, it probably outruns the monographs. Treat film as memory, not as a log.
Korean comparative essays
A Korean reader may pair Carnation Revolution with 1950-53, Inchon, Tsushima, or the ROK force-structure story even when the campaign was elsewhere.
Rituals
1961-74 / 1976 dates
The usual ritual poles of Carnation Revolution: African wars and Constitution.
Museum and cemetery wreaths
Official and family rites at sites in Lisbon and Portuguese armed forces; aftershocks in Angola, Mozambique, Guinea-Bissau. Mario Soares is often the civilian or corrective name on the plaque.
Classroom minutes
Where Carnation Revolution is on the syllabus -- in Anglophone schools often beside 11 November or a Second World War unit, not always beside Lisbon and Portuguese armed forces; aftershocks in Angola, Mozambique, Guinea-Bissau's own calendar.
Sayings
25 April Avenue in Lisbon is a renamed landscape.
English tourists buying carnation postcards should be handed a Guinea paragraph.