Skip to content
Change & defence

BBiofilms

Surface cities of microbes — plaque and catheters explain persistence, without a grow-your-own kit.

Also called: Microbial film ? Sessile community

Microscopic view of a bacterial biofilm matrix
Unknown author ? Public domain

Quick facts

J. William Costerton and colleagues popularized biofilm for sessile communities glued in their own matrix.Costerton 1978
Plaque is the everyday biofilm: mixed oral species on teeth, fed by sugars and time.Dental plaque
Catheters, joints and valves can host films that shrug off doses that kill planktonic cells.Device persistence
Extracellular polymeric substance — sugars, proteins, DNA — holds water and slows some drugs.EPS matrix
Many species use chemical signals to coordinate group behavior once density rises — a concept, not a home experiment.Quorum talk
Reviews often estimate that a majority of chronic device-related infections involve biofilm; the exact share is debated.Chronic-infection share

A biofilm is a community stuck to a surface and wrapped in a homemade matrix, not a lonely floating cell.

Plaque and catheter films show why a drug that works in a flask can fail on a surface.

This page explains persistence as ecology. It is not a protocol for growing films.

The profile

387030657525
  • Familiarity38
  • Medical weight70
  • Benefit30
  • Risk65
  • Research75
  • Live debate25

Risk

65 / 100

Surface cities of microbes — plaque and catheters explain persistence, without a grow-your-own kit.

Seven ways into this topic

Frequently asked questions

Is a biofilm just slime?
Visible slime can be a clue. Many medically important films are thin.
Why do some infections persist?
Matrix, slow growth and mixed species can protect cells. Device removal is sometimes a clinical decision.
Is plaque a biofilm?
Yes. It is the most familiar mixed-species film on a hard surface.
Do biofilms only harm people?
No. They coat rocks, pipes and wastewater plants. Some are useful; some foul machines.
Can mouthwash replace brushing?
Mechanical cleaning disrupts architecture. Chemistry alone rarely matches that at home.
Are biofilms the same as spores?
No. Spores are a dormant cell type. A biofilm is a community lifestyle.
Should I grow a biofilm at home?
This atlas does not provide growth methods. Plaque is already an unwanted demonstration.
Is this medical advice?
No. Educational only. Persistent infections and device problems need licensed clinicians.

Sources & research

  1. Biofilm2026 · Wikipedia
  2. Microbial biofilms2015 · NCBI / ASM

Media credits

More in Change & defence