1879
Edison filament
Carbonised bamboo in lamps — not structural CF.
Углеволокно did not arrive as a finished commodity. Edison carbon filament; Shindo/Watt 1960s PAN around Japan / UK / US still explains who makes it and which tests it sits in.
Ten dated points, five eras and three milestones below are the spine — not a complete industrial history.
Начало
Edison carbon filament; Shindo/Watt 1960s PANJapan / UK / US
Хронология
1879Edison filament
Carbonised bamboo in lamps — not structural CF.
1958Union Carbide rayon
Early high-modulus experiments.
1961Shindo PAN
Japanese PAN-based fibre patent lineage.
1963Watt RAE
UK polyacrylonitrile route at RAE Farnborough.
1969Rolls-Royce Hyfil
Fan-blade setback taught toughness.
1970sSports & F1
Black plastic as status.
1980sToray T300
The workhorse tow.
2009787 Dreamliner
Primary aero structure at scale.
2010sBMW i3 / i8
Auto CF with a cost lesson.
2020sRecycling pyrolysis
Fibre recovery still downcycles modulus.
Эпохи
1961
Shindo PAN
Japanese PAN-based fibre patent lineage.
1969
Rolls-Royce Hyfil
Fan-blade setback taught toughness.
1980s
Toray T300
The workhorse tow.
2010s
BMW i3 / i8
Auto CF with a cost lesson.
Вехи
Watt RAE
1963UK polyacrylonitrile route at RAE Farnborough.
Toray T300
1980sThe workhorse tow.
Recycling pyrolysis
2020sFibre recovery still downcycles modulus.
Knowing this timeline is how to read a mill certificate without treating Углеволокно as timeless.
Продолжить
Ещё в Передовые твёрдые тела
⬡
Графен
Один атомный слой углерода: Нобель, хайп композитов, немного честных применений.
Итого 50 ☁️Аэрогель
Наногубчатый кремнезём: λ среди самых низких; хрупок без холста.
Итого 60 🩺Нитинол
Почти эквиатомный Ni–Ti с памятью формы и сверхэластичностью.
Итого 48 ☀️Перовскит
Галогениды ABX3, взвинтившие лабораторный КПД — влага, свинец, ресурс.
Итого 26