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🔥Clinical

Pain · A protective percept built from nociception, context and prediction.

Reviewed 2026-08·Sources & research·Media credits

Santiago Ramón y Cajal
PainOriginal photo is anonymous although published by Clark University in 1899. Restoration by Garrondo · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons

Clinical notes for Pain are educational — never a substitute for care.

Signs highlight patterns clinicians watch for.

Conditions

Condition 1

A clinical pattern linked to protective sensory gain.

Condition 2

A clinical pattern linked to protective sensory gain.

Condition 3

A clinical pattern linked to protective sensory gain.

Condition 4

A clinical pattern linked to protective sensory gain.

Condition 5

A clinical pattern linked to protective sensory gain.

Condition 6

A clinical pattern linked to protective sensory gain.

Signs

Sign 1

A sign cluster often discussed with Pain.

Sign 2

A sign cluster often discussed with Pain.

Sign 3

A sign cluster often discussed with Pain.

Sign 4

A sign cluster often discussed with Pain.

Sign 5

A sign cluster often discussed with Pain.

Care themes

Care theme 1

Evidence-informed care theme (rehab, medication, support, monitoring).

Care theme 2

Evidence-informed care theme (rehab, medication, support, monitoring).

Care theme 3

Evidence-informed care theme (rehab, medication, support, monitoring).

Care theme 4

Evidence-informed care theme (rehab, medication, support, monitoring).

Seek licensed care for personal symptoms; this atlas does not diagnose.

Sources & research

  1. Pain mechanisms: a new theoryMelzack R; Wall PD · 1965 · ScienceDOIPubMed
  2. Neurobiology of painBasbaum AI; et al. · 2009 · CellDOIPubMed
  3. Chronic pain as a disease of the brainApkarian AV; Baliki MN; Geha PY · 2009 · NeuroscientistDOI

Media credits

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