Brain atlas
Browse every topic
Cognition
Memory, attention, language, emotion, decisions, sleep, plasticity and consciousness.
Memory
How the brain encodes, stores and retrieves experience across systems.
Research 75 🎯Attention
Selecting what enters awareness — and what the brain must ignore.
Research 88 💬Language
Speech, comprehension and the cortical networks that make meaning.
Research 74 💓Emotion
Affective circuits linking body states, appraisal and social meaning.
Research 67 ⚖️Decision-Making
Value, risk and control — how choices emerge from competing signals.
Research 66 😴Sleep
Oscillations, stages and the nightly work of memory and repair.
Research 97 🔄Neuroplasticity
How experience rewires synapses, maps and recovery trajectories.
Research 50 ✨Consciousness
Awareness, reportability and the hard problem still facing science.
Research 89Disorders
Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, stroke, epilepsy, depression, schizophrenia, migraine and ADHD.
Alzheimer's Disease
Progressive dementia driven by protein pathology and network failure.
Research 74 🤲Parkinson's Disease
Dopamine circuit loss, movement symptoms and non-motor features.
Research 54 ⚡Stroke
Sudden vascular injury — time, territory and the race to recover.
Research 64 ⚡Epilepsy
Hyperexcitable networks, seizures and modern treatment options.
Research 95 🌧️Depression
Mood circuits, stress biology and evidence-based interventions.
Research 66 🌀Schizophrenia
Perception, belief and cognition when predictive models go awry.
Research 93 💢Migraine
Sensory gain, aura and the brain’s recurrent pain networks.
Research 74 📱ADHD
Attention control, impulsivity and developmental self-regulation.
Research 51Methods
fMRI, EEG, PET, TMS, optogenetics and connectomics.
fMRI
Blood-oxygen signals that map task and resting-state networks.
Research 70 📈EEG
Millisecond electrical rhythms from scalp and intracranial arrays.
Research 95 💉PET
Molecular imaging of metabolism, receptors and pathology tracers.
Research 79 📡TMS
Noninvasive magnetic pulses that briefly perturb cortical circuits.
Research 70 💡Optogenetics
Light-gated control of genetically defined neuron populations.
Research 58 🕸️Connectomics
Mapping wiring diagrams from synapse to whole-brain networks.
Research 79Pioneers
Cajal, Broca, Wernicke, Penfield, Hubel & Wiesel, Kandel, Damasio, Livingstone.
Santiago Ramón y Cajal
The neuron doctrine — drawing the brain cell by cell.
Research 58 🗣️Paul Broca
Speech production and the birth of modern localization.
Research 69 👂Carl Wernicke
Comprehension aphasia and the language network idea.
Research 58 🗺️Wilder Penfield
Cortical maps from the operating room — the sensory homunculus.
Research 85 👁️Hubel & Wiesel
How visual cortex builds edges, columns and critical periods.
Research 58 🐌Eric Kandel
Learning as synaptic change — from Aplysia to human memory.
Research 93 ❤️Antonio Damasio
Feeling, self and somatic markers in decision circuits.
Research 78 🎨Margaret Livingstone
Vision, art and how cortex separates colour, form and motion.
Research 74