Graphene is one of 32 materials in this atlas, grouped under advanced: history, structure, measured properties, process routes, uses, safety and market — not a product catalogue.
Scores compare Graphene with the rest of the atlas on strength, heat, fire behaviour, insulation, workability and circularity. They are editorial, not certificates.
Seven chapters follow. Fire and insulation claims name test families (Euroclass, ASTM E84, ISO 5660, KS F) rather than inventing a single safety number.
Deep introduction
Deep dive: Graphene
Graphene (C (honeycomb monolayer)) is a family of grades whose density areal mass ~0.77 mg/m², heat band 2-D stability is a lab story, and fire letter carbon; not a building product.
What “the material” actually is
Graphene is sold as grades, not as a single substance. Chemistry C (honeycomb monolayer), density areal mass ~0.77 mg/m², heat band 2-D stability is a lab story.
This atlas treats Graphene as a system: mill route, coatings, tests and the cavity it sits in.
Heat, fire and insulation
Conductivity note: ~3000–5000 W/m·K in-plane (theory/exp bands). Insulation score 18/100 is relative to 32 entries — metals lose, VIPs and aerogels win.
Fire letter in editorial use: carbon; not a building product. Do not equate A1 with “safe in a blaze” or E with “illegal”. Assemblies decide.
How it is made and used
Origin: Geim & Novoselov 2004, Manchester. The process chapter follows feedstock → conversion → forming → finish → install.
Uses span buildings to defence / safety. Pairings matter: carbon-fiber.
Market and circularity
Producers below are landmarks, not an endorsement ranking. Prices are bands, not live quotes.
Circularity mark 42/100. Ask which scrap, which certificate, which year.
Related atlas
Around Graphene
Related atlas entries, a short glossary, and three threads that keep Graphene honest.
Decision walkthrough on Graphene: fire 40, insulation 18, and one fact already on file — not a code stamp.
Read the fire-performance mark — Fire on this hub is 40/100 — teaching comparison among atlas materials.
Read the insulation mark — Insulation is 18/100 — heat-flow story, not the same question as flame.
Sit one published fact beside them — Quick fact on file: Year: 2004 isolation.
Sustainability is not a fire skip — A high sustainability mark does not replace fire protection in a real assembly.
Not a building-code rating — Named tests, thickness and build-up still decide compliance — this page is literacy only.
On Graphene, fire 40 and insulation 18 answer different jobs; Year: 2004 isolation grounds one real detail.
Editorial atlas marks. Not a code certificate or product approval.
Thermal mark or safety fact first?
Second lab decision on Graphene: heat-resistance 88 beside published thermal fact Conductivity — literacy, not a code stamp.
Read the heat-resistance mark — Heat resistance on this hub is 88/100 — a thermal story, different from the fire/insulation pair.
Sit one thermal fact beside it — Properties chapter lists Conductivity among published thermal rows.
Heat resistance is not a fire skip — A high thermal mark does not replace named fire tests in a real assembly.
Still not a building-code rating — Thickness, build-up and named tests decide compliance — this page teaches axes only.
On Graphene, heat 88 and Conductivity are a second thermal/safety reading after fire vs insulation.
Editorial atlas marks. Not a code certificate or product approval.
Heat line to keep
A decision from printed marks. Not a building permit.
Frequently asked questions
Is Graphene non-combustible?
Declared reaction class in this atlas: carbon; not a building product. Assemblies still need resistance tests.
Does Graphene insulate?
Thermal mark 18/100 versus the atlas. Conductivity note: ~3000–5000 W/m·K in-plane (theory/exp bands).
What is the density band?
areal mass ~0.77 mg/m²
How is it made?
Origin story: Geim & Novoselov 2004 (Manchester).
Can it be recycled?
Circularity mark 42/100 — editorial, route-specific.
Typical melting or failure heat?
2-D stability is a lab story
What should it be paired with?
carbon-fiber: The bulk carbon fibre that already flies.
Where is it specified?
Buildings, transport, energy and consumer goods — see the uses chapter.
Is the fire-performance score a building-code rating?
No. It is an editorial 0–100 teaching mark among materials in this atlas. A real wall or garment needs a named product test, thickness and assembly. This page is not a lab stamp.
When should I read insulation instead of fire?
Use the insulation pick when the question is heat flow — lining, loft, or a cold-bridge — and the fire pick when the question is how the same material behaves in flame. Both numbers already sit on this hub; they answer different jobs.
Does a high sustainability score mean I can skip fire protection?
No. Sustainability here is a relative atlas mark (growth, reuse, embodied story). Bamboo and timber can still char like wood. Fire protection stays a separate specification.
Why is bamboo missing in some languages?
A language URL is published only when the seven chapters are real prose in that language. Bamboo exists in English, Korean, Japanese, Chinese and Spanish. French, German, Portuguese and Russian stay withheld — earlier machine drafts leaked English, so those URLs are not opened.
Icons
Geim & Novoselov
United Kingdom · 2004
Geim & Novoselov is a reference point in the public image of Graphene.
Scotch tape
United Kingdom · 2004
Scotch tape is a reference point in the public image of Graphene.
CVD copper roll
Korea / US · 2010s
CVD copper roll is a reference point in the public image of Graphene.
Graphene oxide paper
Global · 2007–
Graphene oxide paper is a reference point in the public image of Graphene.
Hexagonal BN hetero
Global · 2010s
Hexagonal BN hetero is a reference point in the public image of Graphene.
Manchester NGI
United Kingdom · 2015
Manchester NGI is a reference point in the public image of Graphene.
Pencil graphite
Global · historic
Pencil graphite is a reference point in the public image of Graphene.
8
Flagship logo era
EU · 2013–
Flagship logo era is a reference point in the public image of Graphene.
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