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✨ Advanced solids

🩺Nitinol

Near-equiatomic Ni–Ti that remembers shape and super-elasticates — stents, orthodontics and actuators.

Also called: NiTi · nickel titanium · shape-memory alloy

Nitinol — Wikimedia lead image
Petermaerki · CC BY-SA 3.0
At a glance
Score intensity

Darker cells mean a higher score for this topic on that metric.

Score profile

Each bar is a 0-100 atlas score for this topic, not a timeline.

725078123836
Fire
Heat
Specs
Timeline

Milestones in order. This is history, not a weekly activity grid.

1959 Buehler NOL1961 Coffee-pot demo1970s Orthodontic archwires1980s Pipe couplings1990s Self-expanding stents2000s ASTM F20632010s Additive NiTi2010s Actuator wires2020s Fatigue standards2020s Ni-free cousins
  1. Buehler NOL
  2. Coffee-pot demo
  3. Orthodontic archwires
  4. Pipe couplings
  5. Self-expanding stents
  6. ASTM F2063
  7. Additive NiTi
  8. Actuator wires
  9. Fatigue standards
  10. Ni-free cousins
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18 min read

Last reviewed Sources & creditsMedia creditsMethodology

heat 50 · fire 78

Start with this section - Origins & milestones

Fire role or insulation role

Pick the fire-performance reading or the insulation reading already scored on this material. Teaching marks — not a specification.

Atlas scores and on-page facts only. A named product test, thickness and assembly decide any real wall or garment. No lab stamp.

Open compare lab

Quick facts

tunable transformationAf
SME + superelasticityEffect
A1 metalFire
Stent / archwireIcon
Allergy cautionNi
advancedFamily

Nitinol is one of 32 materials in this atlas, grouped under advanced: history, structure, measured properties, process routes, uses, safety and market — not a product catalogue.

Scores compare Nitinol with the rest of the atlas on strength, heat, fire behaviour, insulation, workability and circularity. They are editorial, not certificates.

Seven chapters follow. Fire and insulation claims name test families (Euroclass, ASTM E84, ISO 5660, KS F) rather than inventing a single safety number.

Deep introduction

Deep dive: Nitinol

Nitinol (NiTi (~50/50 at.%)) is a family of grades whose density ~6.45 g/cm³, heat band ~1310 °C, and fire letter A1 metal.

What “the material” actually is

Nitinol is sold as grades, not as a single substance. Chemistry NiTi (~50/50 at.%), density ~6.45 g/cm³, heat band ~1310 °C.

This atlas treats Nitinol as a system: mill route, coatings, tests and the cavity it sits in.

Heat, fire and insulation

Conductivity note: ~10–18 W/m·K. Insulation score 12/100 is relative to 32 entries — metals lose, VIPs and aerogels win.

Fire letter in editorial use: A1 metal. Do not equate A1 with “safe in a blaze” or E with “illegal”. Assemblies decide.

How it is made and used

Origin: NOL 1959 Buehler, United States. The process chapter follows feedstock → conversion → forming → finish → install.

Uses span buildings to defence / safety. Pairings matter: titanium.

Market and circularity

Producers below are landmarks, not an endorsement ranking. Prices are bands, not live quotes.

Circularity mark 36/100. Ask which scrap, which certificate, which year.

The profile

725078123836
Strength 72
Heat resistance 50
Fire performance 78
Insulation 12
Workability 38
Circularity 36

Fire role or insulation role

Pick the fire-performance reading or the insulation reading already scored on this material. Teaching marks — not a specification.

Atlas scores and on-page facts only. A named product test, thickness and assembly decide any real wall or garment. No lab stamp.

Seven chapters

Fire mark or insulation mark first?

Decision walkthrough on Nitinol: fire 78, insulation 12, and one fact already on file — not a code stamp.

  1. Read the fire-performance mark — Fire on this hub is 78/100 — teaching comparison among atlas materials.
  2. Read the insulation mark — Insulation is 12/100 — heat-flow story, not the same question as flame.
  3. Sit one published fact beside them — Quick fact on file: Af: tunable transformation.
  4. Sustainability is not a fire skip — A high sustainability mark does not replace fire protection in a real assembly.
  5. Not a building-code rating — Named tests, thickness and build-up still decide compliance — this page is literacy only.

On Nitinol, fire 78 and insulation 12 answer different jobs; Af: tunable transformation grounds one real detail.

Editorial atlas marks. Not a code certificate or product approval.

Thermal mark or safety fact first?

Second lab decision on Nitinol: heat-resistance 50 beside published thermal fact Conductivity — literacy, not a code stamp.

  1. Read the heat-resistance mark — Heat resistance on this hub is 50/100 — a thermal story, different from the fire/insulation pair.
  2. Sit one thermal fact beside it — Properties chapter lists Conductivity among published thermal rows.
  3. Heat resistance is not a fire skip — A high thermal mark does not replace named fire tests in a real assembly.
  4. Still not a building-code rating — Thickness, build-up and named tests decide compliance — this page teaches axes only.

On Nitinol, heat 50 and Conductivity are a second thermal/safety reading after fire vs insulation.

Editorial atlas marks. Not a code certificate or product approval.

Heat line to keep

Choose the heat reading for Nitinol.

Keep heat resistance 50.

A decision from printed marks. Not a building permit.

Frequently asked questions

Is Nitinol non-combustible?
Declared reaction class in this atlas: A1 metal. Assemblies still need resistance tests.
Does Nitinol insulate?
Thermal mark 12/100 versus the atlas. Conductivity note: ~10–18 W/m·K.
What is the density band?
~6.45 g/cm³
How is it made?
Origin story: NOL 1959 Buehler (United States).
Can it be recycled?
Circularity mark 36/100 — editorial, route-specific.
Typical melting or failure heat?
~1310 °C
What should it be paired with?
titanium: The medical metal without the phase trick.
Where is it specified?
Buildings, transport, energy and consumer goods — see the uses chapter.
Is the fire-performance score a building-code rating?
No. It is an editorial 0–100 teaching mark among materials in this atlas. A real wall or garment needs a named product test, thickness and assembly. This page is not a lab stamp.
When should I read insulation instead of fire?
Use the insulation pick when the question is heat flow — lining, loft, or a cold-bridge — and the fire pick when the question is how the same material behaves in flame. Both numbers already sit on this hub; they answer different jobs.
Does a high sustainability score mean I can skip fire protection?
No. Sustainability here is a relative atlas mark (growth, reuse, embodied story). Bamboo and timber can still char like wood. Fire protection stays a separate specification.
Why is bamboo missing in some languages?
A language URL is published only when the seven chapters are real prose in that language. Bamboo exists in English, Korean, Japanese, Chinese and Spanish. French, German, Portuguese and Russian stay withheld — earlier machine drafts leaked English, so those URLs are not opened.

Icons

NOL bar

NOL bar

United States · 1959

NOL bar is a reference point in the public image of Nitinol.

Orthodontic wire

Orthodontic wire

Global · 1970s–

Orthodontic wire is a reference point in the public image of Nitinol.

Self-expanding stent

Self-expanding stent

Global · 1990s–

Self-expanding stent is a reference point in the public image of Nitinol.

4

Cryofit coupling

United States · 1970s

Cryofit coupling is a reference point in the public image of Nitinol.

Eyeglass frames

Eyeglass frames

Japan / US · 1980s–

Eyeglass frames is a reference point in the public image of Nitinol.

Guidewire

Guidewire

Global · 1990s–

Guidewire is a reference point in the public image of Nitinol.

7

Robotics spring

Labs · 2010s–

Robotics spring is a reference point in the public image of Nitinol.

Af DSC curve

Af DSC curve

Global · lab

Af DSC curve is a reference point in the public image of Nitinol.

Toggle icons on and off — every bar rescales to the leader of your selection.

5 / 8

Head-to-head

Same family or rival physics — pick a duel.

Similar materials

Closest neighbours on the six atlas axes — strength, heat, fire, insulation, workability and circularity.

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