Cobre — história, estrutura, propriedades e usos

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8.96 g/cm³Density

1085 °CMelting

~400 W/m·KK

100% by definitionIACS

A1 metalFire

metalsFamily

Cobre is one of 32 materials in this atlas, grouped under metals: history, structure, measured properties, process routes, uses, safety and market — not a product catalogue.

Scores compare Cobre with the rest of the atlas on strength, heat, fire behaviour, insulation, workability and circularity. They are editorial, not certificates.

Seven chapters follow. Fire and insulation claims name test families (Euroclass, ASTM E84, ISO 5660, KS F) rather than inventing a single safety number.

Introdução profunda

Deep dive: Cobre

Cobre (Cu) is a family of grades whose density 8.96 g/cm³, heat band 1085 °C, and fire letter A1 metal.

What “the material” actually is

Cobre is sold as grades, not as a single substance. Chemistry Cu, density 8.96 g/cm³, heat band 1085 °C.

This atlas treats Cobre as a system: mill route, coatings, tests and the cavity it sits in.

Heat, fire and insulation

Conductivity note: ~400 W/m·K. Insulation score 6/100 is relative to 32 entries — metals lose, VIPs and aerogels win.

Fire letter in editorial use: A1 metal. Do not equate A1 with “safe in a blaze” or E with “illegal”. Assemblies decide.

How it is made and used

Origin: Chalcolithic / industrial electrorefining 1860s, Cyprus / global. The process chapter follows feedstock → conversion → forming → finish → install.

Uses span buildings to defence / safety. Pairings matter: aluminum.

Market and circularity

Producers below are landmarks, not an endorsement ranking. Prices are bands, not live quotes.

Circularity mark 78/100. Ask which scrap, which certificate, which year.

Perfil

Resistência 40

Resistência ao calor 55

Desempenho ao fogo 76

Isolamento 6

Trabalhabilidade 88

Circularidade 78

Perguntas frequentes

Is Cobre non-combustible?

Declared reaction class in this atlas: A1 metal. Assemblies still need resistance tests.

Does Cobre insulate?

Thermal mark 6/100 versus the atlas. Conductivity note: ~400 W/m·K.

What is the density band?

8.96 g/cm³

How is it made?

Origin story: Chalcolithic / industrial electrorefining 1860s (Cyprus / global).

Can it be recycled?

Circularity mark 78/100 — editorial, route-specific.

Typical melting or failure heat?

1085 °C

What should it be paired with?

aluminum: The lighter conductor when cross-section is free.

Where is it specified?

Buildings, transport, energy and consumer goods — see the uses chapter.

Ícones

Statue of Liberty skin

France / US · 1886

Statue of Liberty skin is a reference point in the public image of Cobre.

Edison wiring

United States · 1880s

Edison wiring is a reference point in the public image of Cobre.

IACS bar

International · 1913

IACS bar is a reference point in the public image of Cobre.

Chuquicamata

Chile · 1910s–

Chuquicamata is a reference point in the public image of Cobre.

Bronze Age palstave

Europe · 2nd mill. BCE

Bronze Age palstave is a reference point in the public image of Cobre.

Heat pipe

Global · 1960s–

Heat pipe is a reference point in the public image of Cobre.

Cu roof patina

Europe · historic

Cu roof patina is a reference point in the public image of Cobre.

Busbar

Global · 20th c.–

Busbar is a reference point in the public image of Cobre.

Ligue ou desligue ícones — cada barra reescala para o líder da sua seleção.

5 / 8

Confrontos

Mesma família, outras notas — escolha um duelo.

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Cobre vs Alumínio

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