Vidro — história, estrutura, propriedades e usos

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SiO2Network

Float 1959Process

A1; integrity ≠ insulationFire

~1 W/m·KK

Pilkington floatIcon

ceramicsFamily

Vidro is one of 32 materials in this atlas, grouped under ceramics: history, structure, measured properties, process routes, uses, safety and market — not a product catalogue.

Scores compare Vidro with the rest of the atlas on strength, heat, fire behaviour, insulation, workability and circularity. They are editorial, not certificates.

Seven chapters follow. Fire and insulation claims name test families (Euroclass, ASTM E84, ISO 5660, KS F) rather than inventing a single safety number.

Introdução profunda

Deep dive: Vidro

Vidro (SiO2–Na2O–CaO (typical soda-lime)) is a family of grades whose density ~2.5 g/cm³, heat band softens ~500–700 °C, and fire letter A1.

What “the material” actually is

Vidro is sold as grades, not as a single substance. Chemistry SiO2–Na2O–CaO (typical soda-lime), density ~2.5 g/cm³, heat band softens ~500–700 °C.

This atlas treats Vidro as a system: mill route, coatings, tests and the cavity it sits in.

Heat, fire and insulation

Conductivity note: ~1 W/m·K. Insulation score 28/100 is relative to 32 entries — metals lose, VIPs and aerogels win.

Fire letter in editorial use: A1. Do not equate A1 with “safe in a blaze” or E with “illegal”. Assemblies decide.

How it is made and used

Origin: Mesopotamia / Egypt; float 1959, Near East → St Helens. The process chapter follows feedstock → conversion → forming → finish → install.

Uses span buildings to defence / safety. Pairings matter: technical-ceramics.

Market and circularity

Producers below are landmarks, not an endorsement ranking. Prices are bands, not live quotes.

Circularity mark 70/100. Ask which scrap, which certificate, which year.

Perfil

Resistência 50

Resistência ao calor 58

Desempenho ao fogo 88

Isolamento 28

Trabalhabilidade 55

Circularidade 70

Perguntas frequentes

Is Vidro non-combustible?

Declared reaction class in this atlas: A1. Assemblies still need resistance tests.

Does Vidro insulate?

Thermal mark 28/100 versus the atlas. Conductivity note: ~1 W/m·K.

What is the density band?

~2.5 g/cm³

How is it made?

Origin story: Mesopotamia / Egypt; float 1959 (Near East → St Helens).

Can it be recycled?

Circularity mark 70/100 — editorial, route-specific.

Typical melting or failure heat?

softens ~500–700 °C

What should it be paired with?

technical-ceramics: Crystalline cousins that do not flow like glass.

Where is it specified?

Buildings, transport, energy and consumer goods — see the uses chapter.

Ícones

Pilkington float

United Kingdom · 1959

Pilkington float is a reference point in the public image of Vidro.

Portland Vase

Italy · Roman

Portland Vase is a reference point in the public image of Vidro.

Crystal Palace

United Kingdom · 1851

Crystal Palace is a reference point in the public image of Vidro.

Owens machine

United States · 1903

Owens machine is a reference point in the public image of Vidro.

Low-e IGU

Global · 1980s–

Low-e IGU is a reference point in the public image of Vidro.

Gorilla Vidro

United States · 2007–

Gorilla Vidro is a reference point in the public image of Vidro.

Stained cathedral

Europe · medieval

Stained cathedral is a reference point in the public image of Vidro.

Vidro wool cousin

US / DE · 1930s–

Vidro wool cousin is a reference point in the public image of Vidro.

Ligue ou desligue ícones — cada barra reescala para o líder da sua seleção.

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Confrontos

Mesma família, outras notas — escolha um duelo.

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Vidro vs Cerâmica técnica

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