Aço inoxidável — história, estrutura, propriedades e usos

Fatos rápidos

~10.5%Cr min

304 / 316Icon

~15 W/m·KK

A1Fire

Cr2O3 passiveFilm

metalsFamily

Aço inoxidável is one of 32 materials in this atlas, grouped under metals: history, structure, measured properties, process routes, uses, safety and market — not a product catalogue.

Scores compare Aço inoxidável with the rest of the atlas on strength, heat, fire behaviour, insulation, workability and circularity. They are editorial, not certificates.

Seven chapters follow. Fire and insulation claims name test families (Euroclass, ASTM E84, ISO 5660, KS F) rather than inventing a single safety number.

Introdução profunda

Deep dive: Aço inoxidável

Aço inoxidável (Fe–Cr–Ni (±Mo, N, C)) is a family of grades whose density ~8.0 g/cm³, heat band ~1400–1450 °C, and fire letter A1 metal.

What “the material” actually is

Aço inoxidável is sold as grades, not as a single substance. Chemistry Fe–Cr–Ni (±Mo, N, C), density ~8.0 g/cm³, heat band ~1400–1450 °C.

This atlas treats Aço inoxidável as a system: mill route, coatings, tests and the cavity it sits in.

Heat, fire and insulation

Conductivity note: ~15 W/m·K (austenitic). Insulation score 10/100 is relative to 32 entries — metals lose, VIPs and aerogels win.

Fire letter in editorial use: A1 metal. Do not equate A1 with “safe in a blaze” or E with “illegal”. Assemblies decide.

How it is made and used

Origin: 1913 Brearley / Strauss, Sheffield / Essen. The process chapter follows feedstock → conversion → forming → finish → install.

Uses span buildings to defence / safety. Pairings matter: steel.

Market and circularity

Producers below are landmarks, not an endorsement ranking. Prices are bands, not live quotes.

Circularity mark 68/100. Ask which scrap, which certificate, which year.

Perfil

Resistência 74

Resistência ao calor 76

Desempenho ao fogo 86

Isolamento 10

Trabalhabilidade 70

Circularidade 68

Perguntas frequentes

Is Aço inoxidável non-combustible?

Declared reaction class in this atlas: A1 metal. Assemblies still need resistance tests.

Does Aço inoxidável insulate?

Thermal mark 10/100 versus the atlas. Conductivity note: ~15 W/m·K (austenitic).

What is the density band?

~8.0 g/cm³

How is it made?

Origin story: 1913 Brearley / Strauss (Sheffield / Essen).

Can it be recycled?

Circularity mark 68/100 — editorial, route-specific.

Typical melting or failure heat?

~1400–1450 °C

What should it be paired with?

steel: The parent without the chromium film.

Where is it specified?

Buildings, transport, energy and consumer goods — see the uses chapter.

Ícones

Harry Brearley

United Kingdom · 1913

Harry Brearley is a reference point in the public image of Aço inoxidável.

Chrysler Building crown

United States · 1930

Chrysler Building crown is a reference point in the public image of Aço inoxidável.

Gateway Arch

United States · 1965

Gateway Arch is a reference point in the public image of Aço inoxidável.

304 sink

Global · postwar

304 sink is a reference point in the public image of Aço inoxidável.

Duplex riser

North Sea · 1980s–

Duplex riser is a reference point in the public image of Aço inoxidável.

Shinkansen skin bits

Japan · 1964–

Shinkansen skin bits is a reference point in the public image of Aço inoxidável.

Surgical 316L

Global · 20th c.–

Surgical 316L is a reference point in the public image of Aço inoxidável.

Krupp V2A

Germany · 1912

Krupp V2A is a reference point in the public image of Aço inoxidável.

Ligue ou desligue ícones — cada barra reescala para o líder da sua seleção.

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Confrontos

Mesma família, outras notas — escolha um duelo.

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Aço inoxidável vs Aço

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