Painel a vácuo — história, estrutura, propriedades e usos

Fatos rápidos

~0.004–0.008λ

envelope leak = failureLife

foil/PE skinsFire

Fridge then retrofitIcon

Fumed silicaCore

thermalFamily

Painel a vácuo is one of 32 materials in this atlas, grouped under thermal: history, structure, measured properties, process routes, uses, safety and market — not a product catalogue.

Scores compare Painel a vácuo with the rest of the atlas on strength, heat, fire behaviour, insulation, workability and circularity. They are editorial, not certificates.

Seven chapters follow. Fire and insulation claims name test families (Euroclass, ASTM E84, ISO 5660, KS F) rather than inventing a single safety number.

Introdução profunda

Deep dive: Painel a vácuo

Painel a vácuo (fumed silica / fibreglass core + foil barrier) is a family of grades whose density 150–250 kg/m³ panels, heat band core inorganic; envelope polymer/foil, and fire letter system-dependent; core often A1-ish, skins not.

What “the material” actually is

Painel a vácuo is sold as grades, not as a single substance. Chemistry fumed silica / fibreglass core + foil barrier, density 150–250 kg/m³ panels, heat band core inorganic; envelope polymer/foil.

This atlas treats Painel a vácuo as a system: mill route, coatings, tests and the cavity it sits in.

Heat, fire and insulation

Conductivity note: centre-of-panel λ ~0.004–0.008 (declared bands). Insulation score 99/100 is relative to 32 entries — metals lose, VIPs and aerogels win.

Fire letter in editorial use: system-dependent; core often A1-ish, skins not. Do not equate A1 with “safe in a blaze” or E with “illegal”. Assemblies decide.

How it is made and used

Origin: Dewar 1892 idea; building VIPs 1990s–, Scotland / Germany / Japan. The process chapter follows feedstock → conversion → forming → finish → install.

Uses span buildings to defence / safety. Pairings matter: aerogel.

Market and circularity

Producers below are landmarks, not an endorsement ranking. Prices are bands, not live quotes.

Circularity mark 40/100. Ask which scrap, which certificate, which year.

Perfil

Resistência 14

Resistência ao calor 40

Desempenho ao fogo 44

Isolamento 99

Trabalhabilidade 24

Circularidade 40

Sete capítulos

Origens e marcos

From Dewar 1892 idea; building VIPs 1990s– to present: timeline, eras and three turning points for Painel a vácuo.

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Estrutura e graus

Chemistry fumed silica / fibreglass core + foil barrier, microstructure, grades and bonding for Painel a vácuo.

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Propriedades medidas

Strength, heat, electrical behaviour and fire notes for Painel a vácuo, with named test families.

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Como se fabrica

Process steps, industrial routes, diagrams and hard limits for Painel a vácuo.

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Usos e pares

Sectors, emblematic products and materials commonly specified with Painel a vácuo.

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Segurança e classe de fogo

Hazards, fire-class language, environment and handling notes for Painel a vácuo.

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Mercado e custo

Cost bands, producing regions, stats and landmark producers for Painel a vácuo.

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Perguntas frequentes

Is Painel a vácuo non-combustible?

Declared reaction class in this atlas: system-dependent; core often A1-ish, skins not. Assemblies still need resistance tests.

Does Painel a vácuo insulate?

Thermal mark 99/100 versus the atlas. Conductivity note: centre-of-panel λ ~0.004–0.008 (declared bands).

What is the density band?

150–250 kg/m³ panels

How is it made?

Origin story: Dewar 1892 idea; building VIPs 1990s– (Scotland / Germany / Japan).

Can it be recycled?

Circularity mark 40/100 — editorial, route-specific.

Typical melting or failure heat?

core inorganic; envelope polymer/foil

What should it be paired with?

aerogel: Solid ultra-low λ without a vacuum to lose.

Where is it specified?

Buildings, transport, energy and consumer goods — see the uses chapter.

Ícones

Dewar flask

United Kingdom · 1892

Dewar flask is a reference point in the public image of Painel a vácuo.

Japanese fridge VIP

Japan · 1990s

Japanese fridge VIP is a reference point in the public image of Painel a vácuo.

va-Q-tec panel

Germany · 2000s

va-Q-tec panel is a reference point in the public image of Painel a vácuo.

Porextherm

Germany · 1990s–

Porextherm is a reference point in the public image of Painel a vácuo.

LNG MLI

Global · 1960s–

LNG MLI is a reference point in the public image of Painel a vácuo.

Retrofit city wall

Europe · 2010s

Retrofit city wall is a reference point in the public image of Painel a vácuo.

Getter pill

Global · component

Getter pill is a reference point in the public image of Painel a vácuo.

Fumed silica

Global · 1960s–

Fumed silica is a reference point in the public image of Painel a vácuo.

Ligue ou desligue ícones — cada barra reescala para o líder da sua seleção.

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Confrontos

Mesma família, outras notas — escolha um duelo.

☁️

Painel a vácuo vs Aerogel

Cara a cara →

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