Science

Research on talent identification runs from Julian Stanley / SMPY (1971–) through later critiques. Mechanisms are interacting systems.

Evidence percentages below are relative judgements for this atlas, not fabricated precise statistics. Named studies keep their published bands.

Findings

• 1971– · Julian Stanley / SMPY — Above-level tests reveal a tail The search finding this atlas keeps citing.
• 1978 · Joseph Renzulli — Three rings Ability, commitment, creativity — ID that can watch work, not only sit a test.
• 1985 · Françoys Gagné — Gifts need catalysts A system that fails to offer practice will “find” fewer talents.
• 1990s– · Referral-bias studies — Teachers miss many Under-referred students are an ID fact, not a rounding error.
• 1990s– · Relative-age in sport ID — Cutoffs mint false talent See athletic-talent.
• 2000s · 2e literature — Ability plus disability Cutoff-only systems drop the file.

Mechanisms

• Ceiling control — Age-grade tests hide the tail — Stanley’s lever.
• Invitation control — Who hears about CTY, 영재교육, or the academy trial.
• Nomination filters — Stereotype and compliance (who looks like last year’s gifted child).
• Review and off-ramp — A humane system dates the label (Gagné: talents stall).

Evidence

Debates

• Search versus enrichment-for-all — Stanley’s tests versus Renzulli’s compacting-for-many. Both can be run badly.
• National specialist schools versus comprehensive late tracking — 예고/과학고 versus Finland. Different error types.
• Paid searches versus public duty — CTY fees and 학원 spend recreate the file they claim to discover.

Talent identification: size the claim to the study. Interaction, not a 50/50 slogan, is the default model.

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