Before physics settled into universities, showmen toured Europe and America performing electricity and magnetism as public spectacle — charging Leyden jars, 'electrifying' volunteers pulled from the audience — part entertainment, part popular science education. As the discipline professionalized into laboratories and lecture courses, the traveling demonstrator largely disappeared.
Itinerant electrical demonstrator已不复存在。这里整理是什么消灭了它，以及哪个职业接手了那份工作。
1543–1687
The Scientific Revolution
Copernicus's 1543 heliocentric model, Galileo's telescopic observations and his 1633 trial by the Inquisition, and Kepler's laws of planetary motion together broke the authority of ancient and church-sanctioned physics. Newton's 1687 Principia then supplied the mathematical synthesis — laws of motion and universal gravitation — that the rest of the era's evidence had been pointing toward.
当时还发生了什么
1831
Faraday discovers electromagnetic induction
Michael Faraday shows that a changing magnetic field induces an electric current, the principle behind every electric generator, transformer and motor built since.
1865
Maxwell unifies electricity, magnetism and light
James Clerk Maxwell publishes equations showing that electricity and magnetism are two faces of one field, and that light itself is an electromagnetic wave travelling at a predictable speed.
那份工作如今在哪里
Derives and tests the mathematical laws governing matter, energy, space and time, from a lone chalkboard to a 3,000-author particle-collider paper.
⚛️ Physicist →