Escherichia coli in 157: O and H names — Section 954: O and H names

Usually a gut resident; a minority of STEC pathotypes drive foodborne headlines. Theodor Escherich described Bacterium coli commune from infant stools in 1885. The genus later took his name. Most strains live harmlessly in the large bowel and can make vitamin K2 (menaquinone) among other roles. When reading the “O and H names” stage inside the Escherichia coli atlas entry, recording both the reference period and the operating boundary around figure 157 prevents common misinterpretations in real-world decisions.

Shiga-toxin producing E. coli O157:H7 was tied to outbreaks in 1982 and to the 1993 Jack in the Box hamburger cluster. E. coli is used as a fecal-contamination indicator in drinking and bathing water because it signals recent gut pollution. Lab strain K-12, isolated in 1922 and domesticated over decades, underpins much molecular biology — history, not a kitchen kit.

A European sprout-linked outbreak of an unusual EHEC/EAEC hybrid showed how food networks move rare pathotypes. Escherichia coli is first a gut neighbor. A few pathotypes — STEC among them — turn a kitchen or farm failure into a public-health headline. Escherich named the organism from infant stools in 1885. A century later it became both a lab workhorse and a foodborne villain in different files.