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Addiction · Compulsive seeking when reward prediction and control circuits tip.

Reviewed 2026-08·Sources & research·Media credits

Santiago Ramón y Cajal
AddictionOriginal photo is anonymous although published by Clark University in 1899. Restoration by Garrondo · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons

How science studies Addiction: tools, protocols and hard limits.

Triangulation across methods is the norm.

Tools

Tool 1

A tool used to study reward learning gone sticky.

Tool 2

A tool used to study reward learning gone sticky.

Tool 3

A tool used to study reward learning gone sticky.

Tool 4

A tool used to study reward learning gone sticky.

Tool 5

A tool used to study reward learning gone sticky.

Tool 6

A tool used to study reward learning gone sticky.

Protocols

Protocol 1

A common protocol around Addiction.

Protocol 2

A common protocol around Addiction.

Protocol 3

A common protocol around Addiction.

Protocol 4

A common protocol around Addiction.

Limits

Limit 1

A known inference limit for reward learning gone sticky.

Limit 2

A known inference limit for reward learning gone sticky.

Limit 3

A known inference limit for reward learning gone sticky.

Pair with Methods-field topics (fMRI, EEG, MEG, DTI…).

Sources & research

  1. Neural systems of reinforcement for drug addictionEveritt BJ; Robbins TW · 2005 · Nature NeuroscienceDOIPubMed
  2. The neural basis of addictionKoob GF; Volkow ND · 2010 · NeuropsychopharmacologyDOIPubMed
  3. Addiction as a brain disease revisedHeilig M; et al. · 2021 · NeuropsychopharmacologyDOIPubMed

Media credits

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