🏏Glossário

Termos

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Googly

En críquet, googly designa uma acção, uma posição, uma regla ou uma situação de jogo que conviene reconocer para entender o partida e a conversação táctica.

No-ball

An illegal delivery that awards the batting side one run and doesn't count toward the bowler's six balls in the over, so it must be bowled again. The most common cause is the bowler's front foot landing over the popping crease; a full toss above waist height or an illegal, over-straightened bowling arm also qualify. In limited-overs matches, the next ball becomes a free hit, meaning the batter can't be dismissed except by run out.

Duckworth-Lewis-Stern method

A formula for recalculating the target score when a limited-overs match is interrupted by rain or bad light. It converts overs remaining and wickets remaining into a resource value to produce a fair target for a shortened innings. Devised by statisticians Frank Duckworth and Tony Lewis and later revised by Steven Stern, it's usually referred to in broadcasts as the DLS target or a DLS result.

Decision Review System (DRS)

A system, commonly called DRS, that lets both teams request a technology-assisted review of an umpire's decision. Ball-tracking follows an LBW delivery's projected path, while high-speed cameras and sound-detection equipment confirm whether the ball touched the bat. Each side has a limited number of unsuccessful reviews per innings. For LBW decisions, the umpire's call standard defers to the on-field decision in marginal cases.

Run out

En críquet, run out designa uma acção, uma posição, uma regla ou uma situação de jogo que conviene reconocer para entender o partida e a conversação táctica.

Leg Before Wicket (LBW)

A dismissal, commonly called LBW, given when the ball would have hit the stumps but struck the batter's body — usually the pads — before the bat. The umpire works through a sequence of checks: was the delivery legal, did the ball pitch outside off stump, did it hit the bat first, and would it have gone on to hit the stumps. It remains cricket's most debated rule.

Leg spin

A bowling style delivered with a wrist-spinning action that turns the ball away from a right-handed batter, from the leg side toward the off side. The heavy spin allows for large amounts of turn but is correspondingly hard to control accurately. Leg-spinners typically pair it with variations like the googly and the top-spinner; Shane Warne's delivery to Mike Gatting in 1993 remains the sport's defining image of the craft.

Reverse swing

A phenomenon in which an old ball swings later and more sharply than usual, and in the opposite direction from conventional swing. It occurs when one side of the ball is kept smooth and the other allowed to roughen, reversing the usual airflow pattern. Pioneered by Pakistani bowlers and perfected by Wasim Akram and Waqar Younis, it's typically used to hand the advantage back to bowlers in the middle overs, when batters usually gain the upper hand.

Boundary

Both the rope marking the edge of the field and the runs scored by hitting the ball to or past it. A shot that reaches or crosses the rope along the ground scores four; one that clears it in the air scores six. A fielder can still catch the ball even while touching the boundary rope, as long as they're airborne and released the ball before landing outside it — the origin of the relay catch, where a fielder tips the ball back in from beyond the rope for a teammate to complete the catch.

Bouncer

A fast, short-pitched delivery that rises toward the batter's chest or head. Rather than aiming directly for a dismissal, it's mainly a psychological weapon meant to push the batter back and provoke a mistimed hook or pull shot. The number allowed per over is capped depending on the format, and a full-height delivery that doesn't bounce first counts as a no-ball. It's also the main reason a helmet and neck guard are mandatory.

Batting average

A measure of how many runs a batter scores per dismissal, calculated as total runs divided by number of times out. Innings ended not out are excluded from the divisor, which pushes the average up. A Test average above 50 is considered elite, and Don Bradman's 99.94 remains the single most famous statistical outlier in all of sport.

Bowled

A dismissal in which the bowler's delivery hits the stumps directly and dislodges the bails. It's the clearest and least disputable form of dismissal — even if the ball grazes the bat or body first, it still counts as bowled if it goes on to knock the stumps over. The bails must come completely off their grooves for the dismissal to count, though; if the ball clips the stumps but the bails stay in place, the batter isn't out.

Declaration

A batting captain's decision to end their own innings voluntarily, even with wickets still in hand — possible only in Tests and first-class cricket. It's made when the captain judges the total is already large enough and wants time to bowl the opposition out for all ten wickets. Declaring too late risks a draw; declaring too early risks losing. It's considered a captain's toughest balancing act.

Century

En críquet, century designa uma acção, uma posição, uma regla ou uma situação de jogo que conviene reconocer para entender o partida e a conversação táctica.

Super over

En críquet, super over designa uma acção, uma posição, uma regla ou uma situação de jogo que conviene reconocer para entender o partida e a conversação táctica.

Swing

En críquet, swing designa uma acção, uma posição, uma regla ou uma situação de jogo que conviene reconocer para entender o partida e a conversação táctica.

Stump

One of three wooden posts that make up the wicket, driven into the ground at each end of the pitch with two bails resting on top. The three are named off stump, middle stump and leg stump, spanning about 22.9 centimeters (9 inches) in total. They're the target every bowler aims at and the object of both run outs and stumpings; modern broadcasts often use stumps fitted with cameras and microphones.

Stumping

En críquet, stumping designa uma acção, uma posição, uma regla ou uma situação de jogo que conviene reconocer para entender o partida e a conversação táctica.

Strike rate

A measure of how quickly a batter scores, calculated as runs divided by balls faced, multiplied by 100. A rate in the 50s is fine in Test cricket, but in T20 a batter needs to be above 140 to be considered competitive. Applied to bowlers, the meaning flips: it becomes the average number of balls needed to take a wicket, where a lower number is better.

Slip

A close fielding position set diagonally behind the batter, next to the wicketkeeper, waiting for edges off the bat. Positions closest to the keeper are called first, second and third slip, and beyond that, gully. Teams stack multiple slips early on while the ball is new and moving, and pull them out once a batter is well set. It's regarded as the hardest fielding position, demanding a low stance and sharp reflexes.

Extras

Runs scored without the bat, credited to the team's total but not to any individual batter. This includes wides and no-balls, byes run when the ball passes the batter and wicketkeeper untouched, and leg byes off the batter's body. A high extras count is read as a sign of poor bowling discipline from the fielding side.

Duck

En críquet, duck designa uma acção, uma posição, uma regla ou uma situação de jogo que conviene reconocer para entender o partida e a conversação táctica.

Over

En críquet, over designa uma acção, uma posição, uma regla ou uma situação de jogo que conviene reconocer para entender o partida e a conversação táctica.

Off spin

A bowling style delivered with the fingers that turns the ball in toward a right-handed batter, from the off side to the leg side. It's generally more controllable than leg spin, which makes it useful both for taking wickets and for restricting scoring. A variation that turns the opposite way is called a doosra; Muttiah Muralitharan built his record 800 Test wickets on this combination.

All-rounder

A player skilled enough with both bat and ball to earn a place in the national team on either discipline alone. Because one player fills two roles, the captain gains room to field an extra specialist bowler or batter, widening the whole team's balance. Garfield Sobers, Jacques Kallis and Imran Khan are the archetypes; an all-rounder who also keeps wicket is called a wicketkeeper-batter.

Wide

A delivery bowled too far to the side for the batter to reasonably play a normal shot at it. It awards the batting side one run, and in limited-overs cricket the ball must be re-bowled. The exact standard varies by format and is applied far more strictly in white-ball cricket, especially during the powerplay and the final over. A ball passing well over the batter's head can also be called wide.

Yorker

En críquet, yorker designa uma acção, uma posição, uma regla ou uma situação de jogo que conviene reconocer para entender o partida e a conversação táctica.

One Day International (ODI)

A one-day international match, commonly called an ODI, in which each side bats a single innings of 50 overs. Played with a white ball and colored uniforms, with powerplay rules and a 10-over cap per bowler. The format emerged almost by accident, as a replacement for a Melbourne Test washed out by rain in 1971, and the World Cup, launched in 1975, remains its premier stage — widely seen as the format that most classically balances patience with aggression.

Wicket

En críquet, wicket designa uma acção, uma posição, uma regla ou uma situação de jogo que conviene reconocer para entender o partida e a conversação táctica.

Wicketkeeper

En críquet, wicketkeeper designa uma acção, uma posição, uma regla ou uma situação de jogo que conviene reconocer para entender o partida e a conversação táctica.

Economy rate

A measure of how many runs a bowler concedes per over on average, calculated as runs conceded divided by overs bowled. Where wickets show a bowler's ability to get batters out, economy rate shows their ability to keep pressure on. An economy of 7 or below in T20, or around 5 in ODIs, is considered strong, and it's the first number checked when evaluating a death-overs specialist.

Caught

A dismissal in which a fielder catches the ball hit by the batter before it touches the ground — the most common dismissal in cricket. When the wicketkeeper takes the catch it's called caught behind; when the bowler catches their own delivery it's caught and bowled. A slip fielder snapping up an edge is the classic image, and a catch still counts even if the fielder's body is touching the boundary rope at the moment of the take, though the shot itself is then scored as six.

Crease

En críquet, crease designa uma acção, uma posição, uma regla ou uma situação de jogo que conviene reconocer para entender o partida e a conversação táctica.

Test cricket

En críquet, test cricket designa uma acção, uma posição, uma regla ou uma situação de jogo que conviene reconocer para entender o partida e a conversação táctica.

Twenty20 (T20)

The shortest official format, with each side batting 20 overs and a match finishing in roughly three hours. It began as an English domestic competition in 2003, expanded internationally by 2005, and the Indian Premier League, launched in 2008, turned it into the richest competition in the sport. The first six overs — the powerplay — and the final overs — the death overs — are usually where matches are decided; it's also the format chosen for the 2028 Olympics.

Powerplay

En críquet, powerplay designa uma acção, uma posição, uma regla ou uma situação de jogo que conviene reconocer para entender o partida e a conversação táctica.

Partnership

The runs jointly scored by the two batters at the crease together before either is dismissed. Scorecards record the total for each numbered wicket partnership separately, and it's the key stat used to judge whether a struggling innings has been turned around. Often one batter attacks while the other holds firm, with communication about who takes strike deciding how well the partnership functions.

Follow-on

In Test cricket, the option available to a team that has led by 200 runs or more after batting first to force the opposition to bat again immediately. It's a way to force a result when time is short, but it comes at a heavy cost to the bowling side's stamina. India's win over Australia at Kolkata in 2001, after being forced to follow on and recovering through Laxman and Dravid's partnership, remains the most famous example.

Pitch

En críquet, pitch designa uma acção, uma posição, uma regla ou uma situação de jogo que conviene reconocer para entender o partida e a conversação táctica.

Hat-trick

Three wickets taken by one bowler on three consecutive deliveries. It still counts even if an over, an innings, or even the match changes in between, as long as the deliveries themselves are consecutive from that bowler; a wide or no-ball in between doesn't break the sequence. Despite sounding like it was borrowed from soccer, the term actually comes from 19th-century cricket, where a bowler achieving the feat was traditionally awarded a hat.

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