그래핀 is one of 32 materials in this atlas, grouped under advanced: history, structure, measured properties, process routes, uses, safety and market — not a product catalogue.
Scores compare 그래핀 with the rest of the atlas on strength, heat, fire behaviour, insulation, workability and circularity. They are editorial, not certificates.
Seven chapters follow. Fire and insulation claims name test families (Euroclass, ASTM E84, ISO 5660, KS F) rather than inventing a single safety number.
깊이 읽기
그래핀 (C (honeycomb monolayer)) is a family of grades whose density areal mass ~0.77 mg/m², heat band 2-D stability is a lab story, and fire letter carbon; not a building product.
그래핀 is sold as grades, not as a single substance. Chemistry C (honeycomb monolayer), density areal mass ~0.77 mg/m², heat band 2-D stability is a lab story.
This atlas treats 그래핀 as a system: mill route, coatings, tests and the cavity it sits in.
Conductivity note: ~3000–5000 W/m·K in-plane (theory/exp bands). Insulation score 18/100 is relative to 32 entries — metals lose, VIPs and aerogels win.
Fire letter in editorial use: carbon; not a building product. Do not equate A1 with “safe in a blaze” or E with “illegal”. Assemblies decide.
Origin: Geim & Novoselov 2004, Manchester. The process chapter follows feedstock → conversion → forming → finish → install.
Uses span buildings to defence / safety. Pairings matter: carbon-fiber.
Producers below are landmarks, not an endorsement ranking. Prices are bands, not live quotes.
Circularity mark 42/100. Ask which scrap, which certificate, which year.
United Kingdom · 2004
Geim & Novoselov is a reference point in the public image of 그래핀.
United Kingdom · 2004
Scotch tape is a reference point in the public image of 그래핀.
Korea / US · 2010s
CVD copper roll is a reference point in the public image of 그래핀.
Global · 2007–
그래핀 oxide paper is a reference point in the public image of 그래핀.
Global · 2010s
Hexagonal BN hetero is a reference point in the public image of 그래핀.
United Kingdom · 2015
Manchester NGI is a reference point in the public image of 그래핀.
Global · historic
Pencil graphite is a reference point in the public image of 그래핀.
EU · 2013–
Flagship logo era is a reference point in the public image of 그래핀.
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