ガラス is one of 32 materials in this atlas, grouped under ceramics: history, structure, measured properties, process routes, uses, safety and market — not a product catalogue.
Scores compare ガラス with the rest of the atlas on strength, heat, fire behaviour, insulation, workability and circularity. They are editorial, not certificates.
Seven chapters follow. Fire and insulation claims name test families (Euroclass, ASTM E84, ISO 5660, KS F) rather than inventing a single safety number.
深く読む
ガラス (SiO2–Na2O–CaO (typical soda-lime)) is a family of grades whose density ~2.5 g/cm³, heat band softens ~500–700 °C, and fire letter A1.
ガラス is sold as grades, not as a single substance. Chemistry SiO2–Na2O–CaO (typical soda-lime), density ~2.5 g/cm³, heat band softens ~500–700 °C.
This atlas treats ガラス as a system: mill route, coatings, tests and the cavity it sits in.
Conductivity note: ~1 W/m·K. Insulation score 28/100 is relative to 32 entries — metals lose, VIPs and aerogels win.
Fire letter in editorial use: A1. Do not equate A1 with “safe in a blaze” or E with “illegal”. Assemblies decide.
Origin: Mesopotamia / Egypt; float 1959, Near East → St Helens. The process chapter follows feedstock → conversion → forming → finish → install.
Uses span buildings to defence / safety. Pairings matter: technical-ceramics.
Producers below are landmarks, not an endorsement ranking. Prices are bands, not live quotes.
Circularity mark 70/100. Ask which scrap, which certificate, which year.
United Kingdom · 1959
Pilkington float is a reference point in the public image of ガラス.
Italy · Roman
Portland Vase is a reference point in the public image of ガラス.
United Kingdom · 1851
Crystal Palace is a reference point in the public image of ガラス.
United States · 1903
Owens machine is a reference point in the public image of ガラス.
Global · 1980s–
Low-e IGU is a reference point in the public image of ガラス.
United States · 2007–
Gorilla ガラス is a reference point in the public image of ガラス.
Europe · medieval
Stained cathedral is a reference point in the public image of ガラス.
US / DE · 1930s–
ガラス wool cousin is a reference point in the public image of ガラス.
アイコンのオンオフで、棒が選択内の首位に合わせて再スケールされる。
同じ家族、違う点数 — 一戦を選ぶ。
六軸で最も近い隣人 — 強度、耐熱、火災、断熱、加工性、循環性。