Feuille de carbone d’un atome : Nobel, battage composites, quelques usages honnêtes.
Aussi appelé: monocouche · 2-D carbon · CVD graphene
Graphène is one of 32 materials in this atlas, grouped under advanced: history, structure, measured properties, process routes, uses, safety and market — not a product catalogue.
Scores compare Graphène with the rest of the atlas on strength, heat, fire behaviour, insulation, workability and circularity. They are editorial, not certificates.
Seven chapters follow. Fire and insulation claims name test families (Euroclass, ASTM E84, ISO 5660, KS F) rather than inventing a single safety number.
Introduction approfondie
Graphène (C (honeycomb monolayer)) is a family of grades whose density areal mass ~0.77 mg/m², heat band 2-D stability is a lab story, and fire letter carbon; not a building product.
Graphène is sold as grades, not as a single substance. Chemistry C (honeycomb monolayer), density areal mass ~0.77 mg/m², heat band 2-D stability is a lab story.
This atlas treats Graphène as a system: mill route, coatings, tests and the cavity it sits in.
Conductivity note: ~3000–5000 W/m·K in-plane (theory/exp bands). Insulation score 18/100 is relative to 32 entries — metals lose, VIPs and aerogels win.
Fire letter in editorial use: carbon; not a building product. Do not equate A1 with “safe in a blaze” or E with “illegal”. Assemblies decide.
Origin: Geim & Novoselov 2004, Manchester. The process chapter follows feedstock → conversion → forming → finish → install.
Uses span buildings to defence / safety. Pairings matter: carbon-fiber.
Producers below are landmarks, not an endorsement ranking. Prices are bands, not live quotes.
Circularity mark 42/100. Ask which scrap, which certificate, which year.
United Kingdom · 2004
Geim & Novoselov is a reference point in the public image of Graphène.
United Kingdom · 2004
Scotch tape is a reference point in the public image of Graphène.
Korea / US · 2010s
CVD copper roll is a reference point in the public image of Graphène.
Global · 2007–
Graphène oxide paper is a reference point in the public image of Graphène.
Global · 2010s
Hexagonal BN hetero is a reference point in the public image of Graphène.
United Kingdom · 2015
Manchester NGI is a reference point in the public image of Graphène.
Global · historic
Pencil graphite is a reference point in the public image of Graphène.
EU · 2013–
Flagship logo era is a reference point in the public image of Graphène.
Activez ou désactivez les icônes : chaque barre se recalibre sur le leader de votre sélection.
Même famille, autres notes — choisissez un duel.
Voisins les plus proches sur les six axes de l’atlas.
Filaments polymères à feuillets graphitiques : aéro, vélos ; le feu est la résine.
Global 49 ✈️Haute résistance spécifique et films résistants aux chlorures.
Global 58 🦺Polyamide aromatique : packs balistiques, filtration à chaud, substitut d’amiante.
Global 62 🩺Ni–Ti quasi équiatomique à mémoire de forme et superélasticité : stents, ortho.
Global 48Filaments polymères à feuillets graphitiques : aéro, vélos ; le feu est la résine.
Global 49 ☁️Éponge de silice nanométrique : λ parmi les plus bas ; fragile hors couverture.
Global 60 🩺Ni–Ti quasi équiatomique à mémoire de forme et superélasticité : stents, ortho.
Global 48 ☀️Halogénures ABX3 qui ont fait sauter les rendements labo ; humidité, plomb, durée.
Global 26