Buildings
Structure, lining, insulation or finish depending on family.
Gypsum board · CaSO4·2H2O panels that buy fire time by calcining — the everyday A2/A1 lining of interiors.
Gypsum board earns its keep in systems: a beam, a batt, a fibre blend, a coated steel — rarely a lone coupon.
Products below are cultural landmarks as much as SKUs.
Structure, lining, insulation or finish depending on family.
Mass, fire and fatigue rewrite the grade list.
Heat, voltage and hydrogen compatibility.
The volume that pays for the mill.
When allowed — extractables and allergies matter.
Ballistics, FR clothing, fire stops.
1916–
1950s–
1990s–
19th c.
1970s–
1894–
industrial
2010s–
The cavity fill behind the board.
Coatings where boards cannot go.
The structure the board lines.
Timber frames that need this lining.
If the pairing is wrong, the material will be blamed for a system fault.
DuPont’s meta-aramid — fire-fighter turnout, electrical paper and a char that does not melt-drip like nylon.
Overall 65 🧯Paints that swell into insulating char — the thin-film way to give steel an R-rating without bulky boards.
Overall 58 🌡️Spun refractory fibres for 1000–1400 °C — kiln linings, gaskets, and a respirable-fibre caution that AES grades try to ease.
Overall 62