Organischer Niedrig-λ-Schaum für Kühlschrank und Bau. Brandschutz braucht PIR und Bekleidung.
Auch genannt: PUR · PIR · rigid PU insulation
Polyurethanschaum is one of 32 materials in this atlas, grouped under thermal: history, structure, measured properties, process routes, uses, safety and market — not a product catalogue.
Scores compare Polyurethanschaum with the rest of the atlas on strength, heat, fire behaviour, insulation, workability and circularity. They are editorial, not certificates.
Seven chapters follow. Fire and insulation claims name test families (Euroclass, ASTM E84, ISO 5660, KS F) rather than inventing a single safety number.
Tiefe Einführung
Polyurethanschaum (R-NH-COO-R′ network + blowing agent) is a family of grades whose density 30–60 kg/m³ rigid boards, heat band pyrolyses; does not melt cleanly, and fire letter typically E–B with facers; not A1.
Polyurethanschaum is sold as grades, not as a single substance. Chemistry R-NH-COO-R′ network + blowing agent, density 30–60 kg/m³ rigid boards, heat band pyrolyses; does not melt cleanly.
This atlas treats Polyurethanschaum as a system: mill route, coatings, tests and the cavity it sits in.
Conductivity note: λ ~0.022–0.028 W/m·K (aged PIR boards, bands). Insulation score 88/100 is relative to 32 entries — metals lose, VIPs and aerogels win.
Fire letter in editorial use: typically E–B with facers; not A1. Do not equate A1 with “safe in a blaze” or E with “illegal”. Assemblies decide.
Origin: Otto Bayer 1937; fridge foam 1950s, Germany. The process chapter follows feedstock → conversion → forming → finish → install.
Uses span buildings to defence / safety. Pairings matter: mineral-wool.
Producers below are landmarks, not an endorsement ranking. Prices are bands, not live quotes.
Circularity mark 32/100. Ask which scrap, which certificate, which year.
Germany · 1937
Otto Bayer is a reference point in the public image of Polyurethanschaum.
Global · 1960s–
Refrigerator cabinet is a reference point in the public image of Polyurethanschaum.
Europe · 1990s–
PIR foil board is a reference point in the public image of Polyurethanschaum.
United States · 1970s–
Spray foam gun is a reference point in the public image of Polyurethanschaum.
North America · 1980s–
SIP panel is a reference point in the public image of Polyurethanschaum.
Global · 1960s–
Car seat foam is a reference point in the public image of Polyurethanschaum.
Global · 2010s
HFO molecule era is a reference point in the public image of Polyurethanschaum.
Global · 1970s–
Sandwich panel is a reference point in the public image of Polyurethanschaum.
Ikonen ein- und ausschalten — jeder Balken skaliert auf den Führenden Ihrer Auswahl.
Gleiche Familie, andere Noten — ein Duell wählen.
Nächste Nachbarn auf den sechs Atlas-Achsen.
Gekräuseltes Keratin, das Stillluft hält — Anzug, Teppich, ehrlicherer Brandfall.
Gesamt 53 🕯️Latentwärmepakete, die Schwankungen glätten. Ergänzung, kein λ-Ersatz.
Gesamt 36 🧴Der Volumenkunststoff: Beutel, Flaschen, Rohre und UHMWPE-Faser.
Gesamt 40 📦Versiegeltes Vakuum-Sandwich: λ ~0,004–0,008 bis der Beutel leckt.
Gesamt 44Geschmolzenes Gestein oder Glas als A1-Matten — der unbrennbare Standard.
Gesamt 69 📦Versiegeltes Vakuum-Sandwich: λ ~0,004–0,008 bis der Beutel leckt.
Gesamt 44 🕯️Latentwärmepakete, die Schwankungen glätten. Ergänzung, kein λ-Ersatz.
Gesamt 36