Beton — Geschichte, Struktur, Eigenschaften und Nutzung

Auf einen Blick

Portland + SCMsBinder

A1; cover saves rebarFire

Clinker-intensiveCO₂

RC frameIcon

~1.4 W/m·Kλ

ceramicsFamily

Beton is one of 32 materials in this atlas, grouped under ceramics: history, structure, measured properties, process routes, uses, safety and market — not a product catalogue.

Scores compare Beton with the rest of the atlas on strength, heat, fire behaviour, insulation, workability and circularity. They are editorial, not certificates.

Seven chapters follow. Fire and insulation claims name test families (Euroclass, ASTM E84, ISO 5660, KS F) rather than inventing a single safety number.

Tiefe Einführung

Deep dive: Beton

Beton (C-S-H binder + aggregate) is a family of grades whose density ~2400 kg/m³, heat band does not melt; dehydrates and spalls, and fire letter A1.

What “the material” actually is

Beton is sold as grades, not as a single substance. Chemistry C-S-H binder + aggregate, density ~2400 kg/m³, heat band does not melt; dehydrates and spalls.

This atlas treats Beton as a system: mill route, coatings, tests and the cavity it sits in.

Heat, fire and insulation

Conductivity note: ~1.4 W/m·K. Insulation score 22/100 is relative to 32 entries — metals lose, VIPs and aerogels win.

Fire letter in editorial use: A1. Do not equate A1 with “safe in a blaze” or E with “illegal”. Assemblies decide.

How it is made and used

Origin: Roman pozzolana; Aspdin 1824; Hennebique RC, Rome → Leeds → Paris. The process chapter follows feedstock → conversion → forming → finish → install.

Uses span buildings to defence / safety. Pairings matter: steel.

Market and circularity

Producers below are landmarks, not an endorsement ranking. Prices are bands, not live quotes.

Circularity mark 30/100. Ask which scrap, which certificate, which year.

Profil

Festigkeit 70

Hitzebeständigkeit 68

Brandverhalten 90

Dämmung 22

Verarbeitbarkeit 60

Kreislauf 30

Häufige Fragen

Is Beton non-combustible?

Declared reaction class in this atlas: A1. Assemblies still need resistance tests.

Does Beton insulate?

Thermal mark 22/100 versus the atlas. Conductivity note: ~1.4 W/m·K.

What is the density band?

~2400 kg/m³

How is it made?

Origin story: Roman pozzolana; Aspdin 1824; Hennebique RC (Rome → Leeds → Paris).

Can it be recycled?

Circularity mark 30/100 — editorial, route-specific.

Typical melting or failure heat?

does not melt; dehydrates and spalls

What should it be paired with?

steel: The tensile partner (rebar).

Where is it specified?

Buildings, transport, energy and consumer goods — see the uses chapter.

Ikonen

Pantheon dome

Italy · 126 CE

Pantheon dome is a reference point in the public image of Beton.

Ingalls Building

United States · 1903

Ingalls Building is a reference point in the public image of Beton.

Hoover Dam

United States · 1936

Hoover Dam is a reference point in the public image of Beton.

Burj Khalifa mix

UAE · 2010

Burj Khalifa mix is a reference point in the public image of Beton.

Hennebique frame

France · 1890s

Hennebique frame is a reference point in the public image of Beton.

Brutalist béton

Global · 1950s–

Brutalist béton is a reference point in the public image of Beton.

Shotcrete tunnel

Global · 20th c.–

Shotcrete tunnel is a reference point in the public image of Beton.

Roman marine

Italy · antiquity

Roman marine is a reference point in the public image of Beton.

Ikonen ein- und ausschalten — jeder Balken skaliert auf den Führenden Ihrer Auswahl.

5 / 8

Duelle

Gleiche Familie, andere Noten — ein Duell wählen.

🌲

Beton vs Holz

Direktvergleich →

Mehr in Keramik und Holz

🪟

🏗️Beton

Auf einen Blick