Glas — Geschichte, Struktur, Eigenschaften und Nutzung

Auf einen Blick

SiO2Network

Float 1959Process

A1; integrity ≠ insulationFire

~1 W/m·KK

Pilkington floatIcon

ceramicsFamily

Glas is one of 32 materials in this atlas, grouped under ceramics: history, structure, measured properties, process routes, uses, safety and market — not a product catalogue.

Scores compare Glas with the rest of the atlas on strength, heat, fire behaviour, insulation, workability and circularity. They are editorial, not certificates.

Seven chapters follow. Fire and insulation claims name test families (Euroclass, ASTM E84, ISO 5660, KS F) rather than inventing a single safety number.

Tiefe Einführung

Deep dive: Glas

Glas (SiO2–Na2O–CaO (typical soda-lime)) is a family of grades whose density ~2.5 g/cm³, heat band softens ~500–700 °C, and fire letter A1.

What “the material” actually is

Glas is sold as grades, not as a single substance. Chemistry SiO2–Na2O–CaO (typical soda-lime), density ~2.5 g/cm³, heat band softens ~500–700 °C.

This atlas treats Glas as a system: mill route, coatings, tests and the cavity it sits in.

Heat, fire and insulation

Conductivity note: ~1 W/m·K. Insulation score 28/100 is relative to 32 entries — metals lose, VIPs and aerogels win.

Fire letter in editorial use: A1. Do not equate A1 with “safe in a blaze” or E with “illegal”. Assemblies decide.

How it is made and used

Origin: Mesopotamia / Egypt; float 1959, Near East → St Helens. The process chapter follows feedstock → conversion → forming → finish → install.

Uses span buildings to defence / safety. Pairings matter: technical-ceramics.

Market and circularity

Producers below are landmarks, not an endorsement ranking. Prices are bands, not live quotes.

Circularity mark 70/100. Ask which scrap, which certificate, which year.

Profil

Festigkeit 50

Hitzebeständigkeit 58

Brandverhalten 88

Dämmung 28

Verarbeitbarkeit 55

Kreislauf 70

Häufige Fragen

Is Glas non-combustible?

Declared reaction class in this atlas: A1. Assemblies still need resistance tests.

Does Glas insulate?

Thermal mark 28/100 versus the atlas. Conductivity note: ~1 W/m·K.

What is the density band?

~2.5 g/cm³

How is it made?

Origin story: Mesopotamia / Egypt; float 1959 (Near East → St Helens).

Can it be recycled?

Circularity mark 70/100 — editorial, route-specific.

Typical melting or failure heat?

softens ~500–700 °C

What should it be paired with?

technical-ceramics: Crystalline cousins that do not flow like glass.

Where is it specified?

Buildings, transport, energy and consumer goods — see the uses chapter.

Ikonen

Pilkington float

United Kingdom · 1959

Pilkington float is a reference point in the public image of Glas.

Portland Vase

Italy · Roman

Portland Vase is a reference point in the public image of Glas.

Crystal Palace

United Kingdom · 1851

Crystal Palace is a reference point in the public image of Glas.

Owens machine

United States · 1903

Owens machine is a reference point in the public image of Glas.

Low-e IGU

Global · 1980s–

Low-e IGU is a reference point in the public image of Glas.

Gorilla Glas

United States · 2007–

Gorilla Glas is a reference point in the public image of Glas.

Stained cathedral

Europe · medieval

Stained cathedral is a reference point in the public image of Glas.

Glas wool cousin

US / DE · 1930s–

Glas wool cousin is a reference point in the public image of Glas.

Ikonen ein- und ausschalten — jeder Balken skaliert auf den Führenden Ihrer Auswahl.

5 / 8

Duelle

Gleiche Familie, andere Noten — ein Duell wählen.

💎

Glas vs Technische Keramik

Direktvergleich →

Mehr in Keramik und Holz

💎

🪟Glas

Auf einen Blick