Buildings
Structure, lining, insulation or finish depending on family.
Technical ceramics · Crystalline oxides and carbides for heat, wear and electronics — not the mug on the desk.
Darker cells mean a higher score for this topic on that metric.
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Declared reaction class in this atlas: A1. Assemblies still need resistance tests.
Thermal mark 46/100 versus the atlas. Conductivity note: Al2O3 ~20–30; AlN higher; ZrO2 low.
3.2–6 g/cm³ class
Origin story: 20th c. spark plugs / WWII carbides (Germany / US / Japan).
Circularity mark 44/100 — editorial, route-specific.
often >2000 °C
heat 96 · fire 94
Technical ceramics earns its keep in systems: a beam, a batt, a fibre blend, a coated steel — rarely a lone coupon.
Products below are cultural landmarks as much as SKUs.
Structure, lining, insulation or finish depending on family.
Mass, fire and fatigue rewrite the grade list.
Heat, voltage and hydrogen compatibility.
The volume that pays for the mill.
When allowed — extractables and allergies matter.
Ballistics, FR clothing, fire stops.
1920s–
1920s–
1990s–
1970s–
2010s–
historic
1980s–
1950s–
Amorphous silicate vs crystalline engineering body.
The fibrous high-T insulation form.
The ductile competitor that forgives cracks.
The cheap hydraulic ceramic of cities.
If the pairing is wrong, the material will be blamed for a system fault.
Frozen silicate liquid — windows, bottles, fibres and a Euroclass A1 skin that still shatters and melts in fire.
Overall 58 🏗️The hydraulic ceramic of cities — cement, water, rock and usually steel, with a fire story better than exposed steel.
Overall 57 🌲Anisotropic cellulose composite grown as trees — carpentry, mass timber and a combustible story that codes still manage.
Overall 57 🎋A fast grass culm sold as timber — scaffolding, flooring and a glue story that decides the indoor air.
Overall 55