Snooker in 12: Fouls and the four-point floor

22: one white cue ball, 15 reds worth 1 point each, and six colours worth 2 to 7 147 — fifteen reds each followed by the black, then the six colours in sequence Devised by British Army officers in Jabalpur, India, in 1875; brought to Britain in the 1880s World Championship, staged at Sheffield's Crucible Theatre since 1977; 500,000 pounds to the winner

Joe Davis with 15 (1927-1946); Ronnie O'Sullivan and Stephen Hendry share the modern record of 7 What makes it distinctive is that failure is public and total. There is no clock, no teammate and no hiding place: a missed pot hands the table to a player capable of clearing it, so a single loose shot can cost a frame outright. That asymmetry produces snooker's second language, safety play, in which two professionals can trade twenty defensive shots without either attempting a pot, each trying to leave the other with nothing. The tension of that exchange, played in near silence in a 980-seat theatre, is why the sport translated so unexpectedly well to television.

Its geography is changing fast. Britain and Ireland supplied almost every champion for a century, and Sheffield still hosts the world final over four sessions and two days. But China now sends more players to the professional tour than any country except England, Zhao Xintong became the first Asian world champion in 2025, Belgium's Luca Brecel had broken the British monopoly two years earlier, and Saudi Arabia has bought its way onto the calendar with the richest event outside the World Championship. A 128-player tour that was once a British television curiosity is now a genuinely global circuit.