01 Feedstock
Ore, monomer, fibre, mineral or scrap that can legally become 铜.
Making 铜 is a chain: feedstock, conversion (Chalcolithic / industrial electrorefining 1860s), forming, heat, finish, install.
Skip a step and the properties chapter is describing a different object.
工艺步骤
02 Conversion
Chalcolithic / industrial electrorefining 1860s
03 Forming
Cast, spin, weave, sinter, foam, laminate or coat — the step that sets anisotropy.
04 Heat / cure
Temper, vulcanise, calcine or dry: skip it and the datasheet is fiction.
05 Finish
Coatings, sizings, facers, galvanizing, anodising, painting.
06 Install
Fasteners, adhesives, DFT, compression, dryness — site quality is a material property.
路径
Primary
Virgin route around Cyprus / global.
Recycled / secondary
铜 has a real loop when sorting is honest.
Specialty
High-spec grades leave the commodity mill.
Site-applied
Coatings, sprays, casts — the factory is sometimes a jobsite.
图解
铜 process path
Feedstock to installed product.
- Feed — in
- Convert — mill
- Form — shape
- Finish — coat
- Install — out
- Spec — code
- Scrap loop — rec
铜 heat & fire
Energy in, class out.
- Heat — in
- 铜 — mat
- λ / char — out
- Ignition — fire
- Euroclass — class
- Assembly — sys
极限
Envelope
Melting/softening 1085 °C; conductivity ~400 W/m·K.
Environment
Moisture, UV, chlorides, alkalis or oxygen — pick the one that actually kills 铜.
Code
Fire class A1 metal is a starting letter, not a wall rating.
Process energy and scrap quality belong in the carbon passport, not in a footnote.