灰狼是本图谱二十四种之一。不是商品目录，而是把演化、解剖、行为、文化、象征、保护与分布写成一套体系。
分数是速度、智力、分布、韧性、文化影响与生态角色的相对评价，不是实验室排名。
七章分别写起源与演化、身体与感官、生活与行为、文化、传说象征、保护压力，以及与人重叠的分布。
深度导读
灰狼 is not a single postcard animal. It is a set of populations, subspecies and human rules inside the wildlife family of this atlas.
多样性、身体、文化与分布 — 加上针对本语言区的视角。
Field guides collapse many lineages into the English word 灰狼. Subspecies, flyways and captive lines do not share one fate -- bald eagles and Philippine eagles, or western and mountain gorillas, are the caution.
This atlas picks a Wikipedia title as the hero image and then keeps the rest of the grade in view so a recovered stock cannot launder a CR cousin.
A long-legged canid with a sagittal crest for temporalis muscle and a dentition for both flesh and bone. Packs are families more often than Hollywood armies.
Endurance chase and ambush on ungulates; winter moose or elk, summer more deer and beaver. Scavenge is ordinary.
English-language culture met the 灰狼 through film, law, heraldry and zoos. Those portrayals move money and sometimes take; they are not a field census.
The culture chapter dates posters and statutes so a 1975 film or a 1961 logo cannot pretend to be a 2020s Red List.
Least Concern globally after recoveries in parts of Europe and North America; Mexican and some regional wolves remain separately endangered.
Tourism, conflict payments, quotas and captive loans are dated economic bands in the market chapter -- not live prices and not a best-species prize.
生命科学深潜
灰狼 biology is a stack of structure, energy, sensing and hard limits. The four sections below are the same headings used across the atlas so types can be compared without a best-species frame.
解剖、感官、行为与限度 — 加上本地区的田野用语。
A long-legged canid with a sagittal crest for temporalis muscle and a dentition for both flesh and bone. Packs are families more often than Hollywood armies.
Load paths and tissues (not metals) are expanded in the anatomy chapter.
Endurance chase and ambush on ungulates; winter moose or elk, summer more deer and beaver. Scavenge is ordinary.
The how-it-works diagrams reduce that budget to a six-node loop.
Smell and a howl that spaces packs. Night hunts use hearing as much as the postcard stare.
Control here means the animal steering itself -- not a vehicle ECU.
Lead, poison, and a ballot. LC globally does not retire a rancher or a Mexican-wolf recovery plan.
Resilience scores encode those limits relative to the other 23 types.
本种的授权照片 — 主图、时代与象征在同一面墙。
同类群、不同分数 — 选一场对决。
六轴上最近的邻居 — 速度、智力、分布、韧性、文化与生态角色。