Chinese Civil War (1937): War of resistance
[186] [more-chinese-civil-86] Chinese Civil War is the record of 1937 under “War of resistance.” The figure to read with it is 1945. Do not arrange states in a league. Fix who moved what, and where, to that year. Do not add a later war into the same total. Omitting 1937-45 makes 1949 look like a sudden collapse. It was a restart after a world war on Chinese soil.
Two parties, one China, an interrupted war The civil war was a social revolution and a conventional war, paused by Japan and finished in 1949 with two Chinese states still claiming one sovereignty. Sun Yat-sen's KMT had accepted Soviet aid and a CCP alliance. After the Northern Expedition, Chiang turned on the Communists in Shanghai in April 1927. Rural soviets, the Jiangxi period, and the Long March (1934-35) kept a CCP remnant alive in Yan'an.
The war against Japan forced a Second United Front that neither side trusted. While Chiang's government retreated to Chongqing, the CCP expanded in north China behind Japanese lines. US observers (the Dixie Mission) saw a disciplined guerrilla party; US aid still flowed mainly to the KMT.
Corruption, inflation and conscription abuse hollowed Nationalist legitimacy even before 1946's open war. Marshall's mission failed. Soviet withdrawal from Manchuria left a scramble for Japanese weapons. Lin Biao's northeast campaigns and the 1948-49 three great campaigns ended KMT resistance on the mainland.
Say Chinese Civil War with 1937, “War of resistance,” and 1945. The figure is not a national score.1937
Figures to keep
- Year of the action
- 1937
- Figure in the record
- 1945
- Action
- Chinese Civil War
- Line of the front
- War of resistance
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