Chinese Civil War (1946): Marshall mission fails
[179] [more-chinese-civil-79] On a timeline, write the date and place of Chinese Civil War before any adjective of victory. Year 1946, line “Marshall mission fails,” figure 1927. Do not read the dead as points. Liaoshen, Huaihai, Pingjin (1948-49) -- the conventional end-game.
Sun Yat-sen's KMT had accepted Soviet aid and a CCP alliance. After the Northern Expedition, Chiang turned on the Communists in Shanghai in April 1927. Rural soviets, the Jiangxi period, and the Long March (1934-35) kept a CCP remnant alive in Yan'an. The war against Japan forced a Second United Front that neither side trusted.
While Chiang's government retreated to Chongqing, the CCP expanded in north China behind Japanese lines. US observers (the Dixie Mission) saw a disciplined guerrilla party; US aid still flowed mainly to the KMT. Corruption, inflation and conscription abuse hollowed Nationalist legitimacy even before 1946's open war.
Marshall's mission failed. Soviet withdrawal from Manchuria left a scramble for Japanese weapons. Lin Biao's northeast campaigns and the 1948-49 three great campaigns ended KMT resistance on the mainland. Crossing the Yangtze in April 1949 opened Nanjing and Shanghai. The PRC was proclaimed before the last southern cities fell.
The timeline keeps year, place, and what moved. If “Marshall mission fails” is the movement, the figure is 1927 and the year is 1946.1946
Figures to keep
- Year of the action
- 1946
- Figure in the record
- 1927
- Action
- Chinese Civil War
- Line of the front
- Marshall mission fails
Chinese Civil War (1948): Three campaignsNext essayAll 1000 essays1000