瀑布图把值编码为从累计出发的带符号柱高。1980–90 年代咨询幻灯中普及。
工作报告、广告与作业中适合损益桥、预算对实际、编制走动。若故事是多期趋势而非桥梁，换一种形式。
Parts
- 标记 — The core mark of 瀑布图 is 从累计出发的带符号柱高.
- 尺度 — The scale must show zero (or a declared break) and units.
- 轴 — Axis titles name the variable, not a mood.
- 图例 — A legend is weaker than a direct label. Write beside the mark when you can.
- 标签 — Numbers are optional. If comparison is the job, label the ends only.
- 网格 — Keep the grid faint. Data should own the ink.
- 注释 — One annotation sentence. Date the source.
- 外框 — A thin frame. Never a 3-D box.
Variants
- 桥图 — Variant 1 of 瀑布图. Same encoding, different layout.
- 麦肯锡瀑布 — Variant 2 of 瀑布图. Same encoding, different layout.
- 增减柱 — Variant 3 of 瀑布图. Same encoding, different layout.
- 瀑布图 4 — Variant 4 of 瀑布图. Same encoding, different layout.
Labels
- 轴 — On 瀑布图, make Mark readable.
- 图例 — On 瀑布图, make Scale readable.
- 标签 — On 瀑布图, make Axis readable.
- 网格 — On 瀑布图, make Legend readable.
- 注释 — On 瀑布图, make Label readable.
瀑布图: honour 从累计出发的带符号柱高, and switch when 故事是多期趋势而非桥梁.