As pontuações são marcas relativas 0–100 neste atlas. Para navegar, não como especificação de engenharia.
Ultima revisao Fontes e creditosCréditos de mídiaMetodologia
Respostas curtas
Qual autoridade ou corredor local importa para este tipo?
Comece pela lente local: homologação, licenças e hubs — não uma checklist global.
Is this a buying guide?
No. Tool-Lifes /vehicles is an educational atlas. It explains history, systems and culture without affiliate rankings.
Are the scores official?
No. The six scores are relative editorial 0–100 marks across the 48 types on this site.
Where do the photos come from?
Lead images resolve from Wikimedia Commons via Wikipedia titles on the English masters, with licences recorded on the credits page.
Why metric units?
Metric is the default. Regional notes (US customary, local brand culture) appear in culture and market chapters.
How is this different from a wiki article?
Each type gets seven fixed-depth chapters, comparable scores and cross-type labs — structured for browsing, not a single freeform page.
Em Metrô, propulsão, estrutura, controlo e segurança partilham o mesmo envelope operacional.
Os medidores resumem margem estrutural, manutenibilidade e fatores humanos em pontuação relativa.
Sistemas
Estrutura
Metrô: Multiple-unit cars share traction and braking; walk-through gangways increase usable capacity.
Propulsão
Metrô: Contact shoes pick up 750 V DC (typical) from third rail or overhead in some systems.
Energia
Metrô: Communication-based train control shrinks headway by tracking train positions dynamically.
Controlo
Metrô: PSDs interlock with train doors to prevent falls and improve climate control.
Interface
Metrô: Tunnel fans and shaft dampers manage smoke during underground incidents.
Segurança
Metrô: CCTV and load weighing inform dispatch; automated announcements cycle stops.
Medidores relativos
Pontos quentes
Metrô: Third-rail insulators
Metrô: Track fires and shoe loss occur when insulators fail or debris bridges rails.
Metrô: Door motor gearboxes
Metrô: Misaligned doors block CBTC departure interlocks and swell dwell.
Metrô: Brake pad/disc wear
Metrô: Squeal and longer stopping distances appear before minimum thickness.
Metrô: Tunnel drainage
Metrô: Pump failures flood low points and trigger speed restrictions.
Metrô: Signal radio drops
Metrô: CBTC handoffs fail in metal tunnel nulls without leaky feeder coverage.
Materiais
Metrô: Stainless steel car shells
Metrô: Corrosion resistance in humid tunnels extends service life.
Metrô: Phenolic third-rail covers
Metrô: Insulating covers protect maintenance staff from live rail.
Metrô: Sintered brake blocks
Metrô: Low-noise compositions reduce wayside squeal in stations.
Metrô: Halogen-free cable insulation
Metrô: Low-smoke cables reduce toxic load during tunnel fires.
Keep exploring
More in Trilho
Trem de alta velocidade
Trens de passageiros em vias dedicadas entre cidades.
Geral 83 🚂Trem de carga
Composições que movem granéis e contêineres entre continentes.
Geral 58 🚊Bonde
Veículos de rua e VLT que ligam bairros e centros.
Geral 65 🚝Monotrilho
Trânsito elevado de viga única.
Geral 58 🚄Maglev
Trens que flutuam em campos magnéticos — velocidades de avião sem atrito de roda.
Geral 76 🚂Locomotiva a vapor
Cavalos de ferro a carvão e água que inventaram a era ferroviária.
Geral 42 🚈Veículo leve sobre trilhos
Entre elétrico e metro — via reservada e rua.
Geral 69 🚞Funicular
Carros puxados a cabo em encostas íngremes.
Geral 58 🚞Rack railway
Trains that bite a toothed rack on steep grades — mountain lines where adhesion alone cannot hold.
Geral 53