Las puntuaciones son marcas relativas 0–100 dentro de este atlas. Sirven para explorar, no como especificación de ingeniería.
Ultima revision Fuentes y creditosCréditos de mediosMetodología
Respuestas rapidas
¿Qué autoridad o corredor local importa para este tipo?
Empieza por la lente local: homologación, licencias de operador y hubs — no una checklist global.
Is this a buying guide?
No. Tool-Lifes /vehicles is an educational atlas. It explains history, systems and culture without affiliate rankings.
Are the scores official?
No. The six scores are relative editorial 0–100 marks across the 48 types on this site.
Where do the photos come from?
Lead images resolve from Wikimedia Commons via Wikipedia titles on the English masters, with licences recorded on the credits page.
Why metric units?
Metric is the default. Regional notes (US customary, local brand culture) appear in culture and market chapters.
How is this different from a wiki article?
Each type gets seven fixed-depth chapters, comparable scores and cross-type labs — structured for browsing, not a single freeform page.
En Metro, propulsión, estructura, control y seguridad comparten el mismo sobre de operación.
Los medidores resumen margen estructural, mantenibilidad y factores humanos en puntuación relativa.
Sistemas
Estructura
Metro: Multiple-unit cars share traction and braking; walk-through gangways increase usable capacity.
Propulsión
Metro: Contact shoes pick up 750 V DC (typical) from third rail or overhead in some systems.
Energía
Metro: Communication-based train control shrinks headway by tracking train positions dynamically.
Control
Metro: PSDs interlock with train doors to prevent falls and improve climate control.
Interfaz
Metro: Tunnel fans and shaft dampers manage smoke during underground incidents.
Seguridad
Metro: CCTV and load weighing inform dispatch; automated announcements cycle stops.
Medidores relativos
Puntos calientes
Metro: Third-rail insulators
Metro: Track fires and shoe loss occur when insulators fail or debris bridges rails.
Metro: Door motor gearboxes
Metro: Misaligned doors block CBTC departure interlocks and swell dwell.
Metro: Brake pad/disc wear
Metro: Squeal and longer stopping distances appear before minimum thickness.
Metro: Tunnel drainage
Metro: Pump failures flood low points and trigger speed restrictions.
Metro: Signal radio drops
Metro: CBTC handoffs fail in metal tunnel nulls without leaky feeder coverage.
Materiales
Metro: Stainless steel car shells
Metro: Corrosion resistance in humid tunnels extends service life.
Metro: Phenolic third-rail covers
Metro: Insulating covers protect maintenance staff from live rail.
Metro: Sintered freno blocks
Metro: Low-noise compositions reduce wayside squeal in stations.
Metro: Halogen-free cable insulation
Metro: Low-smoke cables reduce toxic load during tunnel fires.
Keep exploring
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