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콘크리트 · 도시의 수경 세라믹 — 시멘트, 물, 골재, 대개 철근. 노출 강보다 화재에 관대하다.

What holds 콘크리트 together is not the nickname. Formula C-S-H binder + aggregate, density ~2400 kg/m³.

Meters are atlas-relative. Grades are the SKUs buyers write.

단계

C-S-H binder + aggregate

Chemistry

콘크리트 is specified as C-S-H binder + aggregate. Density band ~2400 kg/m³.

Microstructure

Order

Processing sets grain, crystallinity or fibre orientation — the reason two lots of 콘크리트 can test differently.

Interfaces

Surfaces

Coatings, oxide films, sizings or paper faces often decide weather and fire behaviour more than the bulk brochure.

Defects

Flaws

Inclusions, voids, knots, pinholes or residual stress start the failures that mill certificates do not list.

Grades

Variants

콘크리트 is a family. Grade names below are the ones buyers actually write on RFQs.

Ageing

Time

Moisture, UV, creep, hydrogen or carbonation shift properties in service. Design to the aged state.

상대 미터

Strength70

Strength is an editorial 0–100 mark relative to the other 31 materials in this atlas — not a laboratory certificate.

Heat envelope68

Heat envelope is an editorial 0–100 mark relative to the other 31 materials in this atlas — not a laboratory certificate.

Fire behaviour90

Fire behaviour is an editorial 0–100 mark relative to the other 31 materials in this atlas — not a laboratory certificate.

Insulation22

Insulation is an editorial 0–100 mark relative to the other 31 materials in this atlas — not a laboratory certificate.

Workability60

Workability is an editorial 0–100 mark relative to the other 31 materials in this atlas — not a laboratory certificate.

Circularity30

Circularity is an editorial 0–100 mark relative to the other 31 materials in this atlas — not a laboratory certificate.

등급

C25/30

Ordinary structural.

Ordinary structural.

C50/60 HPC

High-rise columns.

High-rise columns.

UHPC

Bridge overlays, façades.

Bridge overlays, façades.

Foam / AAC

Insulating cousins.

Insulating cousins.

Refractory castable

Furnace, not building.

Furnace, not building.

결합

Primary bonding

콘크리트 holds together by ionic/covalent networks.

Secondary forces

Hydrogen bonds, van der Waals stacks or grain-boundary cohesion set toughness and moisture uptake.

Composites & fills

Fillers, fibres, plasticisers or aggregates are part of the real product, not impurities.

Environment film

Oxides, chars, sizings or paints are the layer the world actually meets.

Change the grade, the coating or the moisture and you have a different material with the same English name.

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