As pontuações são marcas relativas 0–100 neste atlas. Para navegar, não como especificação de engenharia.
Ultima revisao Fontes e creditosCréditos de mídiaMetodologia
Respostas curtas
Qual autoridade ou corredor local importa para este tipo?
Comece pela lente local: homologação, licenças e hubs — não uma checklist global.
Is this a buying guide?
No. Tool-Lifes /vehicles is an educational atlas. It explains history, systems and culture without affiliate rankings.
Are the scores official?
No. The six scores are relative editorial 0–100 marks across the 48 types on this site.
Where do the photos come from?
Lead images resolve from Wikimedia Commons via Wikipedia titles on the English masters, with licences recorded on the credits page.
Why metric units?
Metric is the default. Regional notes (US customary, local brand culture) appear in culture and market chapters.
How is this different from a wiki article?
Each type gets seven fixed-depth chapters, comparable scores and cross-type labs — structured for browsing, not a single freeform page.
Em Funicular, propulsão, estrutura, controlo e segurança partilham o mesmo envelope operacional.
Os medidores resumem margem estrutural, manutenibilidade e fatores humanos em pontuação relativa.
Sistemas
Estrutura
Funicular: Two cars linked by haul rope counterbalance weight; track inclination sets grade resistance.
Propulsão
Funicular: Steel wire rope wraps drive bullwheel; tension maintained by gravity tensioning or hydraulic compensators.
Energia
Funicular: Electric or diesel winch provides trim torque; fail-safe rail and rope brakes hold at stops.
Controlo
Funicular: Calipers grip rail head; derail switches prevent runaway if rope fails.
Interface
Funicular: Dual-track section allows up/down cars to pass without stopping on single-track grades.
Segurança
Funicular: Short linkages or hydraulic platforms keep cabin floor near horizontal despite slope.
Medidores relativos
Pontos quentes
Funicular: Rope wear & broken wires
Funicular: Periodic NDT required; broken wires near end fittings precede failure.
Funicular: Bullwheel groove wear
Funicular: Reduced friction causes rope slip and uneven car spacing.
Funicular: Rail brake pads
Funicular: Oil contamination reduces holding force at terminal stops.
Funicular: Passing loop switches
Funicular: Mis-set points risk collision in mid-slope meet.
Funicular: Leveling linkage pins
Funicular: Wear tilts cabin floor, increasing slip and passenger falls.
Materiais
Funicular: Improved plow steel rope
Funicular: High tensile wire with lubricated core resists bending fatigue.
Funicular: Cast iron brake shoes
Funicular: Rail head friction material for emergency holds.
Funicular: Hardwood sleeper ties
Funicular: Historic lines use timber on steep gradients with spike hold.
Funicular: Synthetic cabin floor
Funicular: Slip-resistant surfaces for angled boarding.
Keep exploring
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Geral 53