Aluminium in 1886: Cell and airframe

Light structural metal from Hall–Héroult cells — aircraft skins, cans and façades. Aluminium is one of 32 materials in this atlas, grouped under metals: history, structure, measured properties, process routes, uses, safety and market — not a product catalogue. Scores compare Aluminium with the rest of the atlas on strength, heat, fire behaviour, insulation, workability and circularity. They are editorial, not certificates.

Seven chapters follow. Fire and insulation claims name test families (Euroclass, ASTM E84, ISO 5660, KS F) rather than inventing a single safety number. Aluminium (Al (+ Mg, Si, Cu, Zn…)) is a family of grades whose density 2.70 g/cm³, heat band 660 °C, and fire letter A1 as metal.

Aluminium is sold as grades, not as a single substance. Chemistry Al (+ Mg, Si, Cu, Zn…), density 2.70 g/cm³, heat band 660 °C. This atlas treats Aluminium as a system: mill route, coatings, tests and the cavity it sits in. Conductivity note: ~237 W/m·K (pure). Insulation score 12/100 is relative to 32 entries — metals lose, VIPs and aerogels win.