烹饪艺术专业实际通向的2种职业，以及教授该专业的大学与相关资格。 主厨 · Sommelier.
烹饪艺术在本站通向2种职业，按薪酬排序，并说明该专业为何仍然有效。
Cooking school builds the flavor vocabulary that pairing depends on and earns credibility with chefs, the sommelier's most important internal ally. A meaningful share of sommeliers, including several world champions, entered the trade through kitchens.
一门以厨房技法、食品安全为核心、通常包含带督导实习的实践型学位或文凭——这是烹饪这一行最接近标准大学专业的东西,尽管远非入行的唯一途径。
The examining body founded in London in 1977, running the four-stage ladder from Introductory to the Master Sommelier diploma first examined in 1969; its American chapter examines across the western hemisphere.
Flagship classroom of the Wine & Spirit Education Trust, founded 1969; the WSET's four levels are taught in more than 70 countries and examined roughly a hundred thousand candidates a year in the mid-2020s.
A dedicated wine university housed in a medieval castle in the Rhône since 1978, training sommeliers, tasters and wine-trade professionals on French soil where the appellation system was invented.
Bordeaux's sommelier school, preparing candidates for France's state Mention Complémentaire Sommellerie and international careers, with the Gironde's châteaux as its teaching cellar.
Founded in 1969 and now among the world's largest sommelier bodies, its tiered J.S.A. examinations — badge pins worn like military rank in Japanese dining rooms — certify thousands of professionals across Asia's most mature wine-service culture.
South Africa's principal wine school since 1979, feeding sommeliers into Cape Town's restaurant scene and the Cape Winelands' cellar doors, with the southern hemisphere's oldest fine-wine industry as its campus.
Perhaps the world's most exclusive wine school: a single invitation-only week founded in 2001 by Len Evans, admitting about a dozen scholars a year to blind-taste the world's benchmark bottles under Australia's senior judges.
Teaching viticulture and oenology on the Rheingau's slopes since 1872; its science-first graduates populate German-speaking Europe's sommelleries, wine estates and the international wine trade.
1895年创立于巴黎;如今是全球规模最大的烹饪学校网络,在约20个国家设有校区。
由巴黎工商会于1920年创立;因培养出众多主厨和餐厅经营者而被称为“美食界的哈佛”。
2011年在圣塞巴斯蒂安开办,由费兰·阿德里亚和当地多位米其林星级主厨支持创立;颁发西班牙首个美食科学大学学位。
2004年在意大利美食产区艾米利亚-罗马涅大区科隆诺的一座文艺复兴时期宫殿内创立,首任校长为瓜尔铁罗·马尔切西。
The trade's most famous credential: an oral theory exam, a live service exam and a six-wine blind tasting, each failable separately and retaken over years. First examined in London in 1969; roughly 270 people have ever held the title, and per-attempt pass rates run under ten percent.
The Wine & Spirit Education Trust's highest award: a two-year, six-unit program covering viticulture, vinification and the global trade, examined by essay and blind tasting. Less service-focused than the CMS ladder, it is the standard prerequisite for attempting the Master of Wine.
France's state vocational sommelier diploma: a one-year program after a hospitality qualification, mixing classroom, cellar and paid restaurant apprenticeship, examined by the national education ministry. The standard credential on French floors, and effectively free through the apprenticeship system.
The Japan Sommelier Association's professional certification, open only to candidates with at least three years of drinks-service experience and examined on theory, tasting and service. Its grape-cluster pin badge is instantly read in Japanese dining rooms; a senior Sommelier Excellence tier crowns the system.
由美国烹饪联合会在核实工作经验、通过笔试和实操烹饪考试后授予。完全可选——大多数美国主厨从未考取——但它是一项被认可的正式能力标志。
这是法国烹饪领域的基础职业资格证书,可通过学校教育或学徒合同获得。从法律上讲,从事专业烹饪并不需要它,但它是法国厨房默认期待的资质。
依据日本《食品卫生法》授予的国家级执照,通过认证烹饪学校毕业或都道府县考试加厨房经验取得。烹饪本身并不需要这一执照,但对于开办或管理一间日式厨房而言是标准要求。
一套分级的职业资格,从基础食品制备一路到专业文凭级别,由英国各地的学院提供,并被英国及英联邦雇主广泛视为基准标准。