Glass in 3500: Beads & glazes
Read the condition on Glass before the nickname. Year 3500, line “Beads & glazes,” figure 2. Glass is one of 32 materials in this atlas, grouped under ceramics: history, structure, measured properties, process routes, uses, safety and market — not a product catalogue.
Seven chapters follow. Fire and insulation claims name test families (Euroclass, ASTM E84, ISO 5660, KS F) rather than inventing a single safety number. Glass (SiO2–Na2O–CaO (typical soda-lime)) is a family of grades whose density ~2.5 g/cm³, heat band softens ~500–700 °C, and fire letter A1.
Glass is sold as grades, not as a single substance. Chemistry SiO2–Na2O–CaO (typical soda-lime), density ~2.5 g/cm³, heat band softens ~500–700 °C. This atlas treats Glass as a system: mill route, coatings, tests and the cavity it sits in. Conductivity note: ~1 W/m·K. Insulation score 28/100 is relative to 32 entries — metals lose, VIPs and aerogels win.
Fire letter in editorial use: A1. Do not equate A1 with “safe in a blaze” or E with “illegal”. Assemblies decide. Origin: Mesopotamia / Egypt; float 1959, Near East → St Helens. The process chapter follows feedstock → conversion → forming → finish → install. Uses span buildings to defence / safety. Pairings matter: technical-ceramics.
The label keeps Glass, 3500, and 2. “Beads & glazes” is the condition on the figure.3500
Figures to keep
- Year of the condition
- 3500
- Property figure
- 2
- Material
- Glass
- Use line
- Beads & glazes
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